Table 3.

Risk pathways for the emergence and spread of COVID-19 at the wildlife markets during the pandemic waves in North-central Nigeria: 2020 – 2021.

Variable	Bushmeat handlers	Low risk n (%)	High risk n (%)	P-value
Consumption of bushmeat and products	Hunters	96 (89.7)	11 (10.3)	0.020*
	Vendors	81 (75.7)	14 (24.3)
	Consumers	301 (79.0)	80 (21.0)
Contacts with wildlife and fomites	Hunters	98 (91.6)	9 (8.4)	0.007*
	Vendors	87 (91.6)	8 (8.4)
	Consumers	312 (81.9)	69 (18.1)
Environmental contaminations (exposures through surfaces and aerosols)	Hunters	96 (88.4)	11 (11.6)	0.001*
	Vendors	86 (90.5)	9 (9.5)
	Consumers	289 (75.9)	92 (24.1)

Statistically significant at p<0.05*.