Table 1.
Demographic and Pre-operative Information.
| ID | Sex | Age | Past Medical History | Past Surgical History | Drug History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | F | 73 | HTN, high cholesterol, ex-smoker | Carotid-subclavian bypass | Bisoprolol, paracetamol, simvastatin |
| 5 | M | 80 | CABG, high cholesterol, prostate cancer | Radical prostatectomy, EVAR | Aspirin, simvastatin, omeprazole, paracetamol |
| 10 | F | 56 | Endometriosis, HTN, high cholesterol, ex-smoker | Hybrid-vascular surgery (2008) | Atorvastatin, amlodipine, perindopril |
| 12 | F | 77 | Left occipital ischaemic stroke, asthma, IHD, T2DM, high cholesterol, HTN | Nil | NR |
| 13 | F | 40 | HTN, Marfan syndrome with pectus excavatum and dural ectasia, heart failure | Type A aortic dissection—emergency aortic valve sparing open replacement of root/ascending aorta and proximal arch (2007), arch hybrid (2012)- post operative cardiac arrest followed by tracheostomy, myopathy and prolonged ITU stay | Amlodipine, perindopril, bisoprolol, aspirin, spironolactone |
| 18 | M | 54 | Marfan syndrome, ICD, blind, bilateral cataracts, stroke, HTN, high cholesterol, T2DM | Open arch and DTA replacement, AVR, and ascending aorta to LCCA bypass, post operative occipital infarct, haemorrhage and large SDH requiring craniotomy and evacuation | Amlodipine, indapamide, metoprolol, senna, doxazosin, gliclazide, losartan, pregabalin, lansoprazole, paracetamol, warfarin, tinzaparin |
| 20 | M | 74 | Paraplegia, CKD | Open type 2 thoracic aorta repair (2000), then dilatation of visceral aortic patch | NR |
| 24 | M | 62 | HTN | Nil | Carvedilol |
| 25 | M | 72 | HTN, high cholesterol, current smoker, T2DM, COPD | Nil | NR |
| 27 | M | 65 | HTN, high cholesterol, smoker, COPD, schizophrenia | EVAR (2013) | Amlodipine, procyclidine |
AVR Aortic valve replacement, CKD Chronic kidney disease, CABG Coronary artery bypass graft, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DTA Descending thoracic aorta, EVAR Endovascular aneurysm repair, HTN Hypertension, ICD Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator, IHD Ischaemic heart disease, ITU Intensive therapy unit, LCCA left common carotid artery, NR Not recorded, SHD Subdural haematoma, T2DM Type 2 Diabetes. A table showing the medical and surgical backgrounds for the ten patients included in this study.