Table 1.
Detailed information on used studies
| Exposure or outcome | Unit | Participants included in analysis | Adjustments | IVs | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle factor | |||||
| Smoking initiation | SD in prevalence of smoking initiation | 1 232 091 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and the first ten genetic principal components | 311 | 30,643,251 |
| Lifetime smoking index | SD change of lifetime smoking index | 462 690 European-descent individuals | Genotyping chip and sex | 126 | 31,689,377 |
| Alcohol drinking | SD increase of log-transformed alcoholic drinks/week | 941 280 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and the first ten genetic principal components | 84 | 30,643,251 |
| Coffee consumption | 50% change | 375 833 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, body mass index, total energy, proportion of typical food intake, and 20 genetic principal components | 12 | 31,046,077 |
| Caffeine consumption | 80 mg increase (equivalent to dose from 1 cup of coffee) | 9876 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, study-site, fasting status, smoking status, and genetic principal components | 2 | 27,702,941 |
| Vigorous physical activity | ≥ 3 versus 0 day/week | 98 060 cases and 162 995 controls of European descent | Age, sex, genotyping chip, first ten genomic principal components, and center | 5 | 29,899,525 |
| Metabolic factor | |||||
| Body mass index | SD | 806 834 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and genetic 1–5 principal components | 312 | 30,239,722 |
| Waist circumference | SD | 224 459 European-descent individuals | Age and study-specific covariates | 44 | 25,673,412 |
| Type 2 diabetes | One-unit in log-transformed odds | 228 499 type 2 diabetes cases and 1 178 783 non-cases of multi-ancestries | Age, sex, and the first ten genetic principal components | 497 | 32,541,925 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 10 mm Hg | Up to 1 006 863 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, BMI, genotyping chips | 228 | 30,224,653 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol | SD | 403 943 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and genotyping chips | 473 | 32,203,549 |
| Apolipoprotein A-1 | SD | 393 193 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and genotyping chips | 383 | 32,203,549 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | SD | 440 546 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and genotyping chips | 199 | 32,203,549 |
| Triglycerides | SD | 441 016 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and genotyping chips | 392 | 32,203,549 |
| Apolipoprotein B | SD | 439 214 European-descent individuals | Age, sex, and genotyping chips | 225 | 32,203,549 |
| Outcome | |||||
| NAFLD | Odds ratio | 8434 NAFLD cases and 770 180 non-cases of European ancestry | Age, sex, and genetic principal components | – | 34,841,290 |
| NAFLD | Odds ratio | 1483 NAFLD cases and 17 781 non-cases of European ancestry | Top 5 genetic principal components | – | 32,298,765 |
ID identifier, IV instrumental variables, NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, SD standard deviation