Table 1.

Multicomponent telerehabilitation programme

Intervention category	Sample interventions	Prescription/target Intensity
Breathing and clearance techniques	Pursed lip, diaphragmatic, stacked, winged arm and overhead arm breathing; huffing clearance; yoga	Based on symptoms, needs and goals; often 1–5× per day for 5–15 min, incorporating into other activities as applicable
High-intensity strength training (8-repetition maximum)	Sit-to-stand/squats, (single leg) heel raises (single leg) bridges, upper body rows with resistance bands, hamstring curls and side-lying hip abduction with ankle weights, etc.	8-repetition maximum: targeting technical failure (ie, inability to complete another repetition using proper technique) on the ninth repetition (range 6–9 repetitions)
Aerobic/cardiovascular exercise	Walking, elliptical, cycling, rowing; includes low-intensity endurance and high-intensity interval training	Low intensity: focus on increasing duration. High intensity: focus on increasing intensity (pace, resistance) and/or number of short intervals (ranging from 10 s to 3–5 min)
Balance exercises	Static and dynamic balance including single leg stance, slow marching, single leg reach	Target difficulty level that achieves 50%–80% success rate
Functional activities	Stair climbing, return-to-work training	Based on symptoms, needs, and goals
Stretching	Static and dynamic stretching exercises	Based on symptoms, needs, and goals (typically 2–3 sets of 30 s per stretch)
Lifestyle coaching/motivational interviewing	Biobehaviourally informed programme that emphasised goal setting, self-monitoring, tailored feedback, barrier/facilitator identification, problem solving, action planning, education and encouragement; topics included physical activity, exercise, diet/nutrition, sleep and stress management	Based on symptoms, needs and goals

The multicomponent telerehabilitation programme incorporated interventions from many different categories. The interventions that each participant received were individualised based on their impairments, functional limitations and goals.