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. 2022 Jul 14;9:945808. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.945808

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Copyright © 2022 Reis, Barletta, Gagliardi, Fortuna, Soler and Rocchia.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Interface titratable residues characterization. (A) Average pK _a shift of titratable residues at the Ab-Ag interface with respect to their value in water. (B) Distribution of the net charge in the paratope and epitope at pH 7.2. (C) Ab-Ag interface charge complementary composition. Distinctions are made among interfaces in which paratope and epitope have the same charge, opposite charges, and when one partner is neutral.