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Structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 virion. Nucleocapsid (N) protein is associated to the genomic RNA and S glycoprotein/spike (S), membrane (M), and envelope (E) proteins, which are located in the viral phospholipid bilayer. Protein S consists of two subunits, S1 and S2. The S1 subunit is a C-terminal receptor-binding domain (RBD) that detects the receptor, and the S2 subunit is used for membrane fusion, which is required to enter the host cell.
