Figure 1.

Depiction of Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. HACEK indicates haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae. For patients who have prosthetic valves and possible infective endocarditis according to clinical criteria, transoesophageal echocardiography is recommended. For patients with native valve endocarditis, transthoracic echocardiography is recommended.