Table 4. Association Between Early LVEF Improvement and 5-Year All-Cause Death After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Prespecified Subgroups.

Subgroup	LVEF improvement (per 5% increase)			Increase in LVEF ≥10% points
	aHR (95% CI)	P value		aHR (95% CI)	P value
		Effect	Interaction		Effect	Interaction
Age, y
<80	0.89 (0.79-1.00)	.06	.26	0.6 (0.38-1.03)	.06	.30
≥80	0.96 (0.90-1.03)	.27		0.8 (0.65-1.09)	.19
Sex
Male	1.01 (0.94-1.08)	.88	.01	1.0 (0.80-1.37)	.73	.004
Female	0.84 (0.75-0.95)	.005		0.5 (0.31-0.75)	.001
Coronary artery disease
No	0.98 (0.86-1.11)	.71	.60	1.05 (0.65-1.69)	.83	.17
Yes	0.94 (0.88-1.00)	.06		0.72 (0.55-0.94)	.02
Prior myocardial infarction
No	0.96 (0.89-1.03)	.23	.68	0.83 (0.64-1.09)	.18	.57
Yes	0.93 (0.83-1.04)	.22		0.71 (0.44-1.14)	.16
STS score
<4	1.06 (0.74-1.50)	.76	.20	1.1 (0.31-3.60)	.93	.17
4-8	0.95 (0.86-1.05)	.29		0.9 (0.59-1.27)	.47
>8	0.89 (0.82-0.96)	.002		0.6 (0.42-0.76)	<.001
Baseline LVEF, %
≤35	0.96 (0.88-1.05)	.37	.56	0.9 (0.61-1.22)	.39	.44
>35	0.92 (0.85-1.00)	.06		0.7 (0.52-0.98)	.04
Baseline AVA, cm2
<0.6	0.97 (0.89-1.05)	.43	.49	0.7 (0.47-0.96)	.03	.26
≥0.6	0.93 (0.85-1.01)	.09		0.9 (0.65-1.22)	.47
Baseline AV mean gradient, mm Hg
<50	0.94 (0.82-1.09)	.41	.85	0.8 (0.64-1.07)	.15	.82
≥50	0.96 (0.90-1.03)	.22		0.8 (0.45-1.30)	.32
Baseline AR
None/mild	1.05 (0.87-1.25)	.63	.28	0.8 (0.60-0.98)	.01	.17
≥Moderate	0.94 (0.88-1.01)	.07		1.3 (0.64-2.62)	.47
Baseline MR
None/mild	0.92 (0.82-1.03)	.14	.40	0.8 (0.63-1.10)	.20	.53
≥Moderate	0.97 (0.90-1.05)	.46		0.7 (0.45-1.11)	.13

Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; AR, aortic regurgitation; AV, aortic valve; AVA, aortic valve area; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.