Table 3.
Neonatal characteristics are stratified by maternal vitamin D oral supplementation during pregnancy.
| No Supplementation (n = 59) | Low Dose (n = 63) |
High Dose (n = 76) | p-Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neonatal characteristics | ||||
| Gender (male) | 33 (55.9%) | 32 (50.8%) | 36 (47.4%) | 0.613 |
| Abnormal APGAR score | 5 (8.5%) | 4 (6.3%) | 4 (5.3%) | 0.753 |
| Birth weight *** (grams), mean ± SD | 2731 ± 552 | 2880 ± 594 | 2926 ± 518 | 0.117 |
| Conceived by vitro fertilization | 1 (1.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0.609 |
| Delivered by C-section | 28 (47.5%) | 33 (52.4%) | 30 (39.5%) | 0.303 |
| Infection after membrane rupture | 5 (8.5%) | 7 (11.1%) | 7 (9.2%) | 0.875 |
| Congenital abnormalities | 2 (3.4%) | 2 (3.2%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0.691 |
| Prematurity | 8 (13.6%) | 3 (4.8%) | 2 (2.6%) | 0.030 |
| NICU admission | 2 (3.4%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0.667 |
| Resuscitation | 4 (6.8%) | 2 (3.2%) | 4 (5.3%) | 0.657 |
| Days of hospitalization ** | 4 (3) | 4 (2) | 3 (2) | 0.492 |
| Therapy | ||||
| Surfactant | 5 (8.5%) | 2 (3.2%) | 2 (2.6%) | 0.221 |
| Steroids | 6 (10.2%) | 4 (6.3%) | 4 (5.3%) | 0.524 |
| Antibiotics | 18 (30.5%) | 12 (19.0%) | 10 (13.2%) | 0.043 |
* Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test; ** Data represented as median [IQR]; *** In correlation with gestational age; APGAR—Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration; NICU—Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.