Table 4.
Research Question Included PICO | * Review Methods Established Prior to Review | Explanation of Study Design Selection | * Comprehensive Literature Search Strategy | Study Selection Performed in Duplicate | Data Extraction Performed in Duplicate | * List of Excluded Studies with Justification | Describe Studies in Adequate Detail | * Satisfactory Technique for Assessing RoB | Report Sources of Funding | * Use Appropriate Methods for Statistical Combination of Results (for Meta-Analysis) | Assess Potential Impact of RoB in Individual Studies on the Results (for Meta-Analysis) | * Account for RoB in Individual Studies when Interpreting Results | Explanation for and Discussion of Heterogeneity in Results | * Investigate publication Bias and Discuss Impact (for Quantitative Synthesis) | Reported any Conflict of Interest | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RCT | NRSI | ||||||||||||||||
Kennedy et al., 2019 [15] | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||||||
NASEM, 2018 [16] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Gualano et al., 2014 [17] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Bozier et al., 2020 [18] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Garcia et al., 2020 [30] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Glasser et al., 2017 [28] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Harrell et al., 2014 [19] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Ioakeimidis et al., 2016 [20] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Pissinger & Dossing 2014 [21] | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||||||
Skotsimara et al., 2019 § [22] | NA | ||||||||||||||||
Wills et al., 2021 § [23] | NA | ||||||||||||||||
Goniewicz et al., 2020 [24] | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||||||||
Xian & Chen, 2021 § [25] | NA | ||||||||||||||||
Martinez-Morata et al., 2021 [26] | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||||||||
Larue et al., 2021 § [29] | NA | ||||||||||||||||
Chand & Hosseinzadeh, 2021 § [31] | NA | ||||||||||||||||
Bravo-Gutierrez et al., 2021 [27] | NA | NA | NA |
* Critical domains. § Meta-analysis. Green = yes; red = no; and orange = partial yes. PICO = Population or participants, and conditions of interest; Interventions or exposures; Comparisons or control groups; Outcomes of interest; RCT = randomized controlled trials; NRSI = non-randomized studies of interventions; RoB = risk of bias; and NA = Not applicable.