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. 2022 Jul 28;71(9):1025–1040. doi: 10.1007/s00011-022-01616-9

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Probiotics and management of bone health post-SARS-CoV-2 infection: A Probiotics prevent COVID-19-induced dysbiosis by restoring gut microbiota composition. B Probiotics maintains Gut integrity and thus inhibit inflammation induced bone loss. C Probiotics can directly promote osteoblasts differentiation and suppress osteoclastogenesis. D Probiotics modulate bone health via modulating immune system. E Probiotics resolve inflammation by reducing inflammatory cytokines