Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of shift workers and non-shift workers.
| Characteristics | Shift Workers (n = 150) |
Non-Shift Workers (n = 203) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male, n (%) | 11 (7.3) | 18 (8.9) | 0.604 |
| Age, years | 32.86 ± 0.62 | 40.40 ± 0.88 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 21.12 ± 0.22 | 22.00 ± 0.20 | <0.001 |
| Marital status, married, n (%) | 36 (24.0) | 91 (44.8) | <0.001 |
| Education, college graduates, n (%) | 140 (93.3) | 153 (75.3) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 9 (6.0) | 23 (11.3) | 0.017 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 94 (62.7) | 112 (55.2) | 0.158 |
| Coffee consumption, cups/day | 1.12 ± 0.07 | 1.23 ± 0.07 | 0.18 |
| Physical activity, n (%) | 90 (60.0) | 113 (55.7) | 0.415 |
| Medication use, n (%) | 29 (16.5) | 57 (23.0) | 0.058 |
| Medical comorbidities, n (%) | 20 (13.3) | 33 (16.3) | 0.447 |
Data are presented as numbers (percentage) or mean ± standard error of means (S.E.M). The independent t-test and chi-square test were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.