Table 3. Comparison of Total Health Care Service Utilization 90 Days Before and After SIP Hotel Placement.
| Type of service | Mean (95% CI), No.a | IRR (95% CI)b | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIP hotel placement | Control | |||||
| Before | After | Before | After | |||
| Emergency department visits | 1.84 (1.52-2.17) | 0.82 (0.66-0.99) | 1.33 (1.39-1.58) | 1.00 (0.80-1.20) | 0.60 (0.47-0.75) | <.001 |
| Inpatient days | 4.00 (2.44-5.56) | 0.81 (0.40-1.23) | 2.27 (1.27-3.27) | 1.85 (1.06-2.65) | 0.25 (0.12-0.54) | <.001 |
| Inpatient stays | 0.41 (0.30-0.51) | 0.14 (0.09-0.19) | 0.27 (0.19-0.34) | 0.22 (0.15-0.29) | 0.41 (0.27-0.63) | <.001 |
| Psychiatric emergency visits | 0.03 (0.01-0.05) | 0.01 (0.00-0.01) | 0.02 (0.01-0.04) | 0.02 (0.00-0.03) | 0.25 (0.11-0.51) | <.001 |
| Inpatient psychiatric stays | 0.00 (0.00-0.01) | 0.00 (0.00-0.00) | 0.00 (0.00-0.01) | 0.00 (0.00-0.00) | 1.18 (0.26-5.46) | .83 |
| Outpatient medical visits | 0.45 (0.31-0.59) | 0.33 (0.22-0.45) | 0.25 (0.17-0.34) | 0.24 (0.15-0.32) | 0.80 (0.56-1.15) | .24 |
| Outpatient mental health visits | 2.32 (1.24-3.40) | 2.88 (1.47-4.29) | 2.81 (1.52-4.11) | 3.05 (1.56-4.54) | 1.15 (0.46-2.85) | .77 |
| Methadone and/or buprenorphine treatment visits | 6.64 (1.93-11.36) | 8.96 (2.42-15.51) | 6.94 (2.02-11.87) | 7.89 (2.12-13.67) | 1.19 (0.30-4.76) | .81 |
Abbreviations: IRR, incidence rate ratio; SIP, shelter-in-place.
a
Estimated mean and 95% CI were calculated by negative binomial regression.
b
IRRs and 95% CIs were calculated using negative binomial regression models. The IRR represents the utilization rate in the intervention group compared with the matched control group.