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. 2022 Jul 25;11(8):1437. doi: 10.3390/antiox11081437

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© 2022 by the author.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Hepatoprotective effects of hyperoside (Hyp) via the regulation of oxidative stress triggered by toxic chemical, drug, and various diseases; CCl₄, carbon tetrachloride; H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide; t-BHP, tert-butyl hydroperoxide; d-GalN, D-galactosamine; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; GCLC, glutamate-cystein ligase catalytic subunit; NQO1, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1; ATF3, cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor; and NFκB, nuclear factor kappa B. Upward pointing arrow (↑) and downward pointing arrow (↓) represent an increase and a decrease in gene/protein expression or numerical values, respectively.