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. 2022 Summer;40(3):356–365. doi: 10.2337/cd21-0089

TABLE 5.

Sixteen Areas in Which There Are Documented Positive Outcomes From DSMES

  1. A1C (29,57,58,73)

  2. Onset/progression of diabetes complications (13,29)

  3. Quality of life (12–15,37,38)

  4. Self-efficacy and empowerment (67)

  5. Coping (45,46)

  6. Distress and depression (60,62–64)

  7. Blood pressure and cholesterol (23,26)

  8. Weight and BMI (27,68)

  9. All-cause mortality (59)

  10. Lifestyle behavior changes (e.g., food and exercise) (69,70)

  11. Total health care costs (31,65,66)

  12. Prevention of type 2 diabetes with intensive lifestyle change (74,75)

  13. Diabetes knowledge and self-care behaviors (58,67)

  14. Use of primary care and preventive services (31,32,35)

  15. Therapeutic inertia (49,59)

  16. Care transitions (35)