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Schematic working model. AT suppressed the expression of TNFSF11 and inhibited the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway in IL-1β induced OA. In the absence of AT, TNFSF11 activated the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway to inhibit autophagy in IL-1β induced OA. In the presence of AT, downregulated TNFSF11 suppressed the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway to promote autophagy in IL-1β-induced OA
