Table 2.
Energy intake and dietary components.
| Normocholesterolemic | p Value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | OPO (n = 65) | HOSO (n = 34) | SO (n = 31) | |||||
| Initial | Final | Initial | Final | Initial | Final | |||
| Energy (kcal/day) |
2078 ± 60 | 1966 ± 57 | 2017 ± 64 | 2198 ± 83 | 2087 ± 92 | 2017 ± 63 | 2006 ± 59 | 0.394 |
| Proteins (g/day) |
89 ± 3 | 82 ± 3 | 86 ± 3 | 96 ± 4 | 91 ± 5 | 87 ± 4 | 80 ± 3 | 0.132 |
| Carbohydrates (g/day) |
196 ± 7 | 191 ± 8 | 190 ± 8 | 209 ± 10 | 205 ± 10 | 176 ± 7 | 175 ± 7 | 0.087 |
| Lipids (g/day) |
95 ± 4 | 89 ± 3 | 92 ± 4 | 100 ± 5 | 92 ± 5 | 98 ± 4 | 100 ± 4 | 0.395 |
| SFA (g/day) |
31 ± 1 | 27 ± 1 | 28 ± 1 | 29 ± 2 | 27 ± 2 | 30 ± 1 | 28 ± 2 | 0.065 |
| MUFA (g/day) |
41 ± 2 a | 29 ± 1 b | 45 ± 2 a | 31 ± 2 b | 46 ± 3 a | 33 ± 1 b | 30 ± 2 b | <0.001 |
| PUFA (g/day) |
14.5 ± 0.8 a | 25.1 ± 1.4 bd | 12.5 ± 0.6 ac | 30.1 ± 1.8 bd | 10.7 ± 0.7 c | 26.4 ± 1.3 b | 33.2 ± 1.8 d | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) |
327 ± 16 | 314 ± 18 | 334 ± 17 | 365 ± 27 | 335 ± 41 | 334 ± 18 | 340 ± 21 | 0.769 |
| Dietary fiber (g/day) |
21 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | 23 ± 1 | 22 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | 21 ± 1 | 0.821 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) |
9.5 ± 0.6 a | 20.5 ± 1.3 b | 17.2 ± 1.0 c | 24.4 ± 1.9 b | 17.8 ± 1.3 c | 16.8 ± 0.9 c | 26.1 ± 1.6 b | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemic | p Value | |||||||
| Baseline | OPO (n = 67) | HOSO (n = 30) | SO (n = 37) | |||||
| Initial | Final | Initial | Final | Initial | Final | |||
| Energy (kcal/day) |
2099 ± 52 | 2146 ± 61 | 2079 ± 56 | 2261 ± 95 | 2084 ± 106 | 2006 ± 93 | 2027 ± 97 | 0.158 |
| Proteins (g/day) |
93 ± 3 | 91 ± 3 | 90 ± 3 | 98 ± 4 | 89 ± 5 | 84 ± 5 | 83 ± 4 | 0.121 |
| Carbohydrates (g/day) |
201 ± 8 | 206 ± 8 | 200 ± 7 | 214 ± 12 | 212 ± 16 | 200 ± 12 | 197 ± 13 | 0.721 |
| Lipids (g/day) |
91 ± 3 | 95 ± 3 | 91 ± 4 | 102 ± 6 | 88 ± 6 | 88 ± 5 | 91 ± 5 | 0.122 |
| SFA (g/day) |
29 ±1 | 29 ± 1 | 28 ± 1 | 30 ± 2 | 24 ± 2 | 28 ± 2 | 28 ± 2 | 0.223 |
| MUFA (g/day) |
41 ± 2 a | 31 ± 1 b | 44 ± 2 a | 32 ± 2 b | 46 ± 4 a | 29 ± 2 b | 28 ± 2 b | <0.001 |
| PUFA (g/day) |
12.8 ± 0.5 a | 26.9 ± 1.4 b | 12.9 ±0.6 a | 30.5 ± 2.7 b | 10.3 ± 0.6 a | 23.5 ± 1.6 b | 26.2 ± 1.9 b | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) |
358 ± 17 | 320 ± 20 | 346 ± 22 | 334 ± 25 | 308 ± 29 | 293 ± 22 | 354 ± 31 | 0.298 |
| Dietary fiber (g/day) |
24 ± 2 | 24 ± 1 | 23 ± 1 | 28 ± 2 | 23 ± 2 | 20 ± 2 | 22 ± 2 | 0.230 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) |
9.1 ± 0.5 a | 20.8 ± 1.5 b | 19.8 ± 0.9 c | 28.1 ± 2.7 b | 17.7 ± 1.5 c | 15.4 ± 1.2 c | 20.9 ± 1.5 b | <0.001 |
Values represent mean ± standard error of mean. Data were analysed using a general linear repeated measures model. Superscripts correspond to significant differences within the normocholesterolemic (N) or hypercholesterolemic (H) group according to the Bonferroni test. p values correspond to the comparing baseline, initial and final effects of olive pomace oil (OPO), high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and sunflower oil (SO). Significance level was set at p < 0.05. SFA: saturated fatty acid. MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acid. PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid.