Association between baseline peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with ICIs. PFS (A) and OS (B) curves of patients according to baseline peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes. PFS (C) and OS (D) curves of patients stratified according to the onset of irAEs. PFS (E) and OS (F) curves of patients stratified according to baseline peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes and irAEs. Group A, high CD8+ T lymphocytes and irAEs; Group B, low CD8+ T lymphocytes and irAEs; Group C, high CD8+ T lymphocytes and no irAEs; and Group D, low CD8+ T lymphocytes and no irAEs. Abbreviation: ICIs, immune checkpoint inhibitors; PFS, progression-free survival; OS, overall survival.