Table 3.
Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of participants “Baseline” and “6 months” stratified by adherence to Mediterranean diet.
| Under Median Value (<50%) | Above Median Value (≥50%) | ANOVA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (n = 31) | 6 Months (n = 31) | Baseline (n = 36) | 6 Months (n = 36) | AMD | T | AMD × T | |
| Mean ± SEM | Mean ± SEM | Mean ± SEM | Mean ± SEM | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 95.3 ± 2.0 | 91.9 ± 1.0 | 94.2 ± 1.7 | 88.7 ± 1.5 | 0.220 | 0.011 | 0.541 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.2 ± 0.5 | 33.1 ± 0.5 | 33.3 ± 0.5 | 31.4 ±0.4 # | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.429 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134.3 ± 2.3 | 133.8 ± 2.0 | 140.4 ± 1.8 | 132.9 ± 1.5 # | 0.166 | 0.035 | 0.070 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.3 ± 0.9 | 80.5 ± 0.9 | 83.3 ± 1.1 | 81.6 ± 0.9 | 0.038 | 0.440 | 0.297 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 116.6 ± 4.9 | 117.9 ± 6.0 | 107.4 ± 2.0 | 101.8 ± 2.0 * | 0.001 | 0.581 | 0.381 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.15 ± 0.15 | 5.94 ± 0.11 | 5.87 ± 0.07 | 5.71 ± 0.06 | 0.009 | 0.066 | 0.857 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 250.1 ± 49.1 | 184.5 ± 13.5 | 187.9 ± 7.7 | 168.8 ± 13.5 | 0.119 | 0.090 | 0.352 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 42.7 ± 1.5 | 43.8 ± 1.6 | 41.2 ± 0.7 | 43.5 ± 1.1 | 0.473 | 0.182 | 0.637 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 124.7 ± 3.9 | 126.4 ± 4.1 | 127.4 ± 4.0 | 121.7 ± 4.2 | 0.809 | 0.628 | 0.358 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 214.0 ± 7.9 | 204.9 ± 4.8 | 206.1 ± 4.6 | 196.6 ± 4.7 | 0.144 | 0.096 | 0.974 |
| AST (U/L) | 23.8 ± 0.9 | 22.0 ± 0.7 | 26.0 ± 0.8 | 23.6 ± 0.9 # | 0.022 | 0.015 | 0.703 |
| ALT (U/L) | 31.4 ± 2.1 | 25.4 ± 1.6 | 38.5 ± 2.2 * | 30.7 ± 1.6 # | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.630 |
| GGT (U/L) | 44.1 ± 3.4 | 35.5 ± 2.7# | 43.7 ± 2.6 | 34.8 ± 2.4 # | 0.843 | 0.002 | 0.943 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.51 ± 0.06 | 0.42 ± 0.04 | 0.51 ± 0.07 | 0.38 ± 0.06 | 0.735 | 0.065 | 0.818 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; Hb1Ac, glycated hemoglobin 1A; HDL-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein; LDL-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma glutamyl transferase; CRP, c-reactive protein; SEM: standard error media. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistics by two-way ANOVA: AMD effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, T effect of time, AMD × T interaction between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and time. * Difference in means between participants under median value and above median value (AMD). # Difference in means between time. Each variable was adjusted by baseline values of the analyzed variable.