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Fig. 121. Electrolysis of [(4,4′-((HO)2P(O)CH2)2bpy)2RuII(bpm)–RuII(tpy)(OH2)]4+ on FTO at 1.8 V in 1.0 M HClO4: turnovers > 8900; rate) 0.3 s−1; current density ≈ 6.7 μA cm−2; Γ ≈ 7 × 10−11 mol cm−2; (A) 1.95 cm2. For [(4,4′-((HO)2P(O)CH2)2bpy)2RuII(bpm)RuII-(Mebimpy)(OH2)]4+ on FTO at 1.8 V in 1.0 M HClO4: turnovers >28 000; rate) 0.6 s−1; current density ≈ 14 μA cm−2; Γ ≈ 7 × 10−11 mol cm−2; (A) 1.95 cm2. Reprinted with permission from ref. 1495 Copyright Wiley 2009. American Chemical Society.