Table 3.

Patient Characteristics by Clinical Outcome

Baseline characteristics	Heart failure/mortality (n=34)	Event‐free survival (n=130)	P value
Age, y	71.3±10.5	60.1±11.2	<0.000001*
Men	27 (79.4)	99 (76.2)	0.69
Cardiovascular risk factors
Hypertension	22 (64.7)	52 (40)	0.01*
Diabetes	11 (32.4)	7 (5.4)	<0.00001*
Hypercholesterolemia	21 (61.8)	51 (39.2)	0.02*
Smoking history	21 (61.8)	89 (68.5)	0.46
Previous myocardial infarction	4 (12.9)	10 (9.5)	0.59
Family history of coronary disease	11 (32.4)	46 (36.5)	0.65
Observations
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	140.3±24.1	132.2±26.0	0.11
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	80.6±14.0	81.6±18.3	0.73
Heart rate, bpm	88 (72–100)	71 (63–84.3)	<0.01*
Peak troponin I, mg/L	50 (43.6–50)	50 (25.4–50)	0.16
Pain‐to‐balloon time, min	175 (130–300)	174 (120–268)	0.53
Infarct artery
LAD	20 (58.8)	67 (52.3)	0.50
LCx/Int	7 (20.6)	13 (10.1)	0.10
RCA	7 (20.6)	49 (38.0)	0.06
TIMI flow at presentation
0	26 (86.7)	80 (72.7)	0.21
1	1 (3.2)	9 (8.2)	0.34
2	1 (3.2)	14 (12.7)	0.13
3	3 (9.7)	6 (5.4)	0.61
Coronary hemodynamics
CFR	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	1.6 (1.2–2.2)	0.01*
IMR	39.6 (27.9–96.4)	26.4 (18.0–42.0)	<0.01*
Cardiac MRI
MVO, %	1.3 (0–6.3)	1.0 (0–3.8)	0.66
Ejection fraction at 48 h, %	45.3±11.4	48.4±8.9	0.22
LGE at 48 h, %	30.6±19.5	40.0±13.5	0.95
Edema, %	36.8±20.2	42.7±13.0	0.28
Ejection fraction at 6 mo, %	49.0 (43.3–58.5)	57 (47.5–61.3)	0.06
LGE at 6 mo, %	29.0±13.2	19.0±12.3	<0.01*
Peripheral venous NPY, pg/mL	28.6 (13.5–49.0)	18.5 (9.5–32.2)	0.03*

Values are mean±SD, number (percentage), or median (interquartile range). Bpm indicates beats per minute; CFR, coronary flow reserve; IMR, index of microvascular resistance; Int, intermediate artery; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCx, left circumflex artery; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MVO, microvascular obstruction; NPY, neuropeptide Y; RCA, right coronary artery; and TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.

^*inidicates statistical significance.