Table 4.

Patient Characteristics by High Versus Low PV NPY Levels

Baseline characteristics	High NPY (≥21.4 pg/mL; n=78)	Low NPY (<21.4 pg/mL; n=85)	P value
Age, y	65.8±12.4	59.2±10.7	<0.001*
Men	55 (70.5)	70 (82.4)	0.08
Cardiovascular risk factors
Hypertension	40 (51.2)	33 (38.9)	0.11
Diabetes	8 (10.3)	10 (11.8)	0.76
Hypercholesterolemia	37 (47.4)	34 (40.0)	0.34
Smoking history	53 (67.9)	56 (65.9)	0.78
Previous myocardial infarction	6 (9.0)	7 (10.3)	0.79
Family history of coronary disease	27 (36.0)	30 (35.7)	0.97
Observations
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	136.4±26.8	131.7±24.7	0.25
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	81.9±18.7	81.0±16.5	0.77
Heart rate, bpm	78 (63–90)	72 (66–85)	0.57
Peak troponin I, mg/L	50 (38.7–50)	50 (21.9–50)	0.31
Pain‐to‐balloon time, min	166 (120–270)	176 (121.8–282.5)	0.61
Infarct artery
LAD	48 (63.2)	38 (44.7)	0.02*
LCx/Int	10 (13.0)	10 (11.7)	0.81
RCA	19 (24.6)	37 (43.5)	0.01*
TIMI flow at presentation
0	44 (75.9)	62 (74.7)	0.88
1	4 (6.9)	6 (7.2)	0.94
2	7 (12)	8 (9.6)	0.65
3	3 (5.2)	7 (8.4)	0.46
Coronary hemodynamics
CFR	1.3 (1.1–1.9)	1.7 (1.3–2.2)	0.04*
IMR	31 (20.2–52.2)	29.6 (18.9–43.5)	0.54
Cardiac MRI
MVO, %	1 (0–5.2)	1 (0–3.5)	0.30
Ejection fraction at 48 h, %	46.0±10.0	49.3±8.6	0.09
LGE at 48 h, %	32.7±14.9	29.9±13.9	0.35
Edema, %	44.8±13.9	39.6±14.6	0.08
Ejection fraction at 6 mo, %	53 (43–57)	58 (50–64)	0.01*
LGE at 6 mo, %	24.3±13.4	17.7±11.9	0.02*

Values are mean±SD, number (percentage), or median (interquartile range). Bpm indicates beats per minute; CFR, coronary flow reserve; IMR, index of microvascular resistance; Int, intermediate artery; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCx, left circumflex artery; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MVO, microvascular obstruction; NPY, neuropeptide Y; PV, peripheral venous; RCA, right coronary artery; and TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.

^*indicates statistical significance.