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. 2022 Jul 28;13:4368. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31881-5

Fig. 1. The design strategy, fabrication process, chemical adsorption, and fungus degradation scheme of the RAPIMER system.

Fig. 1

a Corn stover residual lignin solution and selective graft reaction using formaldehyde and polyethylenimine to produce positively charged modified lignin particles. b Corn stover derived cellulose nanofibrils prepared by TEMPO-oxidation method and modified lignin chemical structure. c The modified lignin and nanocellulose nanofibrils formed RAPIMER composite through self-assembly by the formation of carboxylic acid/amine interaction. d PFAS adsorption by the RAPIMER composite. e Fungal bioremediation through co-metabolism and biodegradation of PFAS and RAPIMER system.