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. 2022 Jan 7;25(4):783–792. doi: 10.1007/s10071-021-01592-3

Table 4.

Most frequently included criteria in studies reporting self-directed and mark-directed responses to mirrors in gorillas (%)

Criteria Mark-directed responses Self-directed responses
Hidden Marks 29.17 12.96
Mature subjects 25.00 20.37
Cue control 25.00 11.11
Front v away from mirror 20.83 9.26
Group mirror exposure 9.26
More than one subject 9.26
Video recordings of responses 9.26
Social grouping 9.26
Post-mark observations 9.26