Table 3.
Univariate analysis for risk factors for the primary outcome—mortality/recurrence
| Variable | Mortality/recurrence (no) N = 552 |
Mortality/recurrence (yes) N = 105 |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), N = 655 (median, 25–75%) | 67 (55–78) | 68 (55–76) | 0.951 |
| Weight (kg), N = 356 (median, 25–75%) | 72 (60–84.1) | 70 (61–82) | 0.613 |
| Height (m), N = 326 (mean ± SD) | 1.68 ± 0.09 | 1.7 ± 0.08 | 0.272 |
| Gender (female) | 199 (36.1%) | 36 (34.3%) | 0.729 |
| Department of hospitalization | N = 551 | N = 105 | 0.931 |
| Non-ICU | 464 (84.2%) | 87 (82.9%) | |
| ICU | 87 (15.8%) | 18 (17.1%) | |
| Daily living activities | N = 462 | N = 92 | 0.337 |
| Completely able | 248 (53.7%) | 43 (46.7%) | |
| Limited activities | 113 (24.5%) | 22 (23.9%) | |
| Need help with activities of daily living | 82 (17.7%) | 20 (21.7%) | |
| Bedridden | 19 (4.1%) | 7 (7.6%) | |
| Arrival from | N = 550 | N = 103 | 0.141 |
| Home | 473 (86%) | 82 (79.6%) | |
| Nursing home/LTCF | 35 (6.4%) | 12 (11.7%) | |
| Another hospital | 42 (7.6%) | 9 (8.7%) | |
| Residency—home | 473 (85.7%) | 82 (78.1%) | 0.049 |
| Previous hospitalization (90 days) | 296/539 (54.9%) | 65/100 (65%) | 0.062 |
| Endotracheal | 69 (12.5%) | 18 (17.1%) | 0.198 |
| Arterial line | 84/550 (15.3%) | 16 (15.2%) | 0.993 |
| Central venous line | 251/550 (45.6%) | 59 (56.2%) | 0.047 |
| Urinary catheter | 205/549 (37.3%) | 49/104 (47.1%) | 0.061 |
| Any foreign body | 117/549 (21.3%) | 23/104 (22.1%) | 0.855 |
| Chemotherapy previous 30 days | 156 (28.3%) | 34 (32.4%) | 0.393 |
| Steroids | 120/551 (21.8%) | 24 (22.9%) | 0.807 |
| Previous surgery (90 days) | 139 (25.2%) | 32 (30.5%) | 0.257 |
| Chronic dialysis | 23 (4.2%) | 3 (2.9%) | 0.784 |
| Intravenous drug use | 5 (0.9%) | 3 (2.9%) | 0.119 |
| Neutropenia | 119 (21.6%) | 23 (21.9%) | 0.937 |
| Charlson score (median, 25–75%) | 4 (1–6) | 4 (2–6) | 0.328 |
| Charlson score | |||
| CHF | 72 (13%) | 17 (16.2%) | 0.388 |
| Solid metastatic | 67 (12.1%) | 25 (23.8%) | 0.002 |
| Hemiplegia | 38 (6.9%) | 4 (3.8%) | 0.283 |
| Diabetes with end organ damage | 64 (11.6%) | 9 (8.6%) | 0.366 |
| Dementia | 32 (5.8%) | 8 (7.6%) | 0.474 |
| Moderate-to-severe renal disease | 63 (11.4%) | 11 (10.5%) | 0.781 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 101 (18.3%) | 14 (13.3%) | 0.220 |
| Mild liver disease | 19 (3.4%) | 6 (5.7%) | 0.265 |
| Moderate-to-severe liver disease | 15 (2.7%) | 3 (2.9%) | 1 |
| Rheumatic | 51 (9.2%) | 7 (6.7%) | 0.394 |
| Any malignancy | 229 (41.5%) | 48 (45.7%) | 0.421 |
| Place of acquisition | 0.239 | ||
| Unknown | 22 (4%) | 3 (2.9%) | |
| Community | 71 (12.9%) | 7 (6.7%) | |
| Healthcare associated | 162 (29.3%) | 30 (28.6%) | |
| Nosocomial | 297 (53.8%) | 65 (61.9%) | |
| Place of acquisition—healthcare/nosocomial | 459 (83.2%) | 95 (90.5%) | 0.058 |
| MDR Pseudomonas | 49 (8.9%) | 10 (9.5%) | 0.832 |
| Aminoglycosides Resistance | 72 (13%) | 16 (15.2%) | 0.545 |
| Sepsis presentation | |||
| Source of bacteremia | 0.404 | ||
| Unknown | 120 (21.7%) | 27 (25.7%) | |
| Abdominal | 38 (6.9%) | 7 (6.7%) | |
| Line associated | 141 (25.5%) | 27 (25.7%) | |
| Pulmonary | 81 (14.7%) | 21 (20%) | |
| Skin, soft tissue, bone, and joints | 38 (6.9%) | 3 (2.9%) | |
| Urinary | 127 (23%) | 18 (17.1%) | |
| Other | 7 (1.3%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
| SOFA score, N = 571 (median, 25–75%) | 3 (1–5) | 4 (2–6) | 0.002 |
| Temperature, N = 634 (mean ± SD) | 38.5 ± 0.95 | 38.4 ± 0.86 | 0.758 |
| Systolic blood pressure, N = 616 (mean ± SD) | 105.2 ± 23.6 | 97.9 ± 21.6 | 0.004 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, N = 517 (median, 25–75%) | 58 (50–65) | 53 (45–64) | 0.129 |
| Leukocytes, N = 641 (median, 25–75%) | 9.5 (2.08–16.1) | 9.2 (1.8–15.4) | 0.913 |
| Neutrophils, N = 566 (median, 25–75%) | 7.6 (1.08–13.2) | 7 (1.12–13.4) | 0.898 |
| Creatinine, N = 633 (median, 25–75%) | 1.02 (0.71–1.6) | 1.07 (0.74–1.76) | 0.681 |
| Treatment | |||
| Duration of treatment—long | 318 (57.6%) | 66 (62.9%) | 0.317 |
| Appropriate empirical treatment (< 24 h) | 365/505 (72.3%) | 77/102 (75.5%) | 0.506 |
| Appropriate empirical treatment (< 48 h) | 430/505 (85.1%) | 90/102 (88.2%) | 0.417 |
| Combination therapy | 104 (18.8%) | 15 (14.3) | 0.267 |
ICU intensive care unit, LTCF long-term care facility, CHF congestive heart failure, MDR multidrug resistant