Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the persistent HFrEF and HFrecEF.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 102) | Persistent HFrEF (n = 45) | HFrecEF (n = 57) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 61.13 ± 9.14 | 59.69 ± 8.493 | 62.26 ± 9.540 | 0.159 |
| Male, % | 63 (61.7) | 34 (75.6) | 29 (50.9) | 0.011 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.32 ± 3.37 | 24.09 ± 3.396 | 22.74 ± 3.267 | 0.685 |
| Etiology, % | 0.160 | |||
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 60 (58.8) | 23 (51.1) | 37 (64.9) | |
| Other | 42 (41.2) | 22 (48.9) | 20 (35.1) | |
| Medical history, % | ||||
| Hypertension | 33 (32.35) | 15 (33.3) | 19 (33.3) | 0.872 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (10.8) | 6 (13.3) | 5 (8.7) | 0.461 |
| CAD | 36 (35.3) | 19 (42.2) | 17 (29.8) | 0.193 |
| Smoking | 54 (52.9) | 29 (64.4) | 25 (43.9) | 0.039 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| Scr, umol/L | 78.56 ± 15.51 | 80.73 ± 13.87 | 76.85 ± 16.61 | 0.210 |
| BUN mmol/L | 6.97 ± 2.11 | 6.51 ± 1.88 | 7.28 ± 2.22 | 0.084 |
| UA, μmmol/L | 330.08 ± 89.62 | 358.76 ± 91.95 | 307.45 ± 81.60 | 0.004 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 71.70 ± 20.98 | 75.70 ± 20.35 | 68.54 ± 21.10 | 0.087 |
| NT-proBNP, ng/L | 2,563.47 ± 3,036.51 | 2,729.10 ± 3,253.85 | 2,432.69 ± 2,877.4 | 0.629 |
| QRS, ms | 126.26 ± 25.74 | 126.63 ± 25.21 | 126.04 ± 26.29 | 0.920 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LV EDD, mm | 71.44 ± 7.92 | 72.71 ± 6.95 | 70.44 ± 8.53 | 0.151 |
| LV ESD, mm | 59.75 ± 7.85 | 60.58 ± 6.69 | 59.09 ± 8.66 | 0.344 |
| LVEF, % | 31.56 ± 7.85 | 32.97 ± 4.49 | 30.44 ± 6.21 | 0.023 |
| Follow-up time, months | 33.44 ± 8.67 | 31.04 ± 8.33 | 35.33 ± 8.54 | 0.012 |
| Medication use, % | ||||
| ACE inhibitor | 89 (87.3) | 41 (91.1) | 48 (84.2) | 0.299 |
| ARB | 6 (5.8) | 1 (2.2) | 5 (8.8) | 0.163 |
| β-blocker | 91 (89.2) | 39 (86.7) | 52 (91.2) | 0.461 |
| Aldosterone receptor antagonist | 80 (78.4) | 37 (82.2) | 43 (75.4) | 0.408 |
| NYHA, % | 0.723 | |||
| I | 17 (16.7) | 9 (20.0) | 8 (14.3) | |
| II | 58 (56.9) | 24 (53.3) | 34 (60.7) | |
| III | 23 (22.5) | 10 (22.2) | 13 (23.2) | |
| IV | 3 (2.9) | 2 (4.4) | 1 (1.8) | |
| All-cause mortality | 26 (25.5) | 15 (33.3) | 11 (19.3) | 0.106 |
| Rehospitalization | 59 (60.2) | 21 (50.0) | 38 (67.9) | 0.074 |
| Composite outcomes events | 70 (68.6) | 27 (60.0) | 43 (75.4) | 0.095 |
BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; Scr, serum creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; UA, Uric Acid; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NT-pro BNP, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.
Values are percent or means ± SD.