Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and cognitive assessments of patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects
| Variables | Patients (N=68) | Controls (N=68) | Statistics value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| χ2 or t | p-value | |||
| Age (yr) | 41.54±10.16 | 41.56±10.11 | -0.008 | 0.993 |
| Sex | 0.000 | >0.999 | ||
| Male | 39 (57.4) | 39 (57.4) | ||
| Female | 29 (42.6) | 29 (42.6) | ||
| Education (yr) | 12.50±3.26 | 14.88±2.68 | -4.654 | <0.001* |
| SCoRS | ||||
| Subjects total score | 33.41±10.53 | 23.28±3.09 | 7.617 | <0.001* |
| Interviewer total score | 37.53±12.56 | 25.18±3.81 | 7.759 | <0.001* |
| Global score | 4.49±1.96 | 1.87±0.71 | 10.389 | <0.001* |
| BACS performance | ||||
| Verbal memory | 25.63±11.43 | 41.57±9.44 | -8.869 | <0.001* |
| Working memory | 15.22±5.09 | 23.09±9.59 | -5.977 | <0.001* |
| Motor speed | 56.41±14.68 | 81.13±12.85 | -10.407 | <0.001* |
| Verbal fluency | 23.34±8.17 | 34.10±7.70 | -7.907 | <0.001* |
| Attention & processing speed | 37.66±14.23 | 61.03±12.63 | -10.129 | <0.001* |
| Executive function | 11.96±6.13 | 17.04±3.33 | -6.010 | <0.001* |
| Composite score (Z-score) | -3.74±2.49 | -0.03±0.95 | -11.474 | <0.001* |
| UPSA-B | ||||
| UPSA-B financial | 7.13±2.49 | 9.57±0.72 | -7.736 | <0.001* |
| UPSA-B communication | 5.67±2.29 | 7.70±1.18 | -6.503 | <0.001* |
| PANSS | ||||
| PANSS positive symptoms | 17.18±4.92 | NA | NA | NA |
| PANSS negative symptoms | 19.52±7.30 | NA | NA | NA |
| PANSS general symptoms | 39.18±9.51 | NA | NA | NA |
| AIMS | 0.82±1.93 | NA | NA | NA |
| SAS | 2.03±2.25 | NA | NA | NA |
| BARS | 0.69±1.41 | NA | NA | NA |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).
*
p<0.05.
SCoR, the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale; BACS, the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia; UPSA-B, the UCSD Performance-based Skills Assessment, Brief Version; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; AIMS, the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale; SAS, Simpson–Angus Scale; BARS, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale; NA, not available