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. 2022 Jul 15;10:880276. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880276

Table 3.

The estimated population attributable fraction for cardiovascular disease risk from short and long sleep duration in the United States.

Population Adults free of CVD, N/1,000 (40–79 years)* Sleep duration, Mean ±SE, hours/day CVD in 10 years, n/1,000 (10-year risk) CVD events attributable to sleep duration
Short sleep duration Long sleep duration
n/1,000 PAF (95% CI) n/1,000 PAF (95% CI)
All 112,780 7.44 ± 0.06 10,327 (9.2) 187 1.8 (0.9 to 2.3) 947 9.2 (6.4 to 11.6)
Sex
 Male 52,658 7.25 ± 0.06 5,991 (11.4) 124 2.1 (1.1 to 1.7) 484 8.1 (5.7 to 10.2)
 Female 60,122 7.61 ± 0.07 4,337 (7.2) 63 1.5 (0.8 to 1.9) 462 10.7 (7.5 to 13.5)
Age
 40–59 70,027 7.34 ± 0.06 3,061 (4.4) 75 2.5 (1.3 to 3.2) 210 6.9 (4.8 to 8.7)
 60–79 42,753 7.62 ±0.10 7,267 (17.0) 112 1.5 (0.8 to 2.0) 737 10.1 (7.1 to 12.8)
Race
 Hispanic 15,830 7.43 ± 0.07 1,240 (7.8) 23 1.9 (1.0 to 2.4) 126 10.2 (7.2 to 12.8)
 Non-Hispanic white 74,515 7.48 ± 0.08 6,812 (9.1) 104 1.5 (0.8 to 2.0) 628 9.2 (6.5 to 11.7)
 Non-Hispanic black 10,960 7.25 ± 0.06 1,294 (11.8) 38 2.9 (1.5 to 3.8) 109 8.4 (6.0 to 10.7)
 Others 11,475 7.43 ± 0.07 981 (8.6) 23 2.3 (1.2 to 3.1) 83 8.5 (5.9 to 10.7)

CVD, cardiovascular disease; PAF, population attributable fraction; SE, standard error.

*

The number of subjects was estimated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the United States, 2017–2018 cycle. N representing 112.8 million men and non-pregnant women who were aged 40 to 79 years and free of self-reported cardiovascular disease (congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction, or stroke).

10-year risk of cardiovascular disease was predicted using the Pooled Cohort Equations in each of the United States.