Proteomic profiling of fetal and adult FTs and uterine organoids. (A) A pictorial outline of the experimental schedule used in B–I. Organoids from human fetal and adult FTs and uterus (n = 3 biological replicates in each group) were subjected to protein extraction and digestion. Following tryptic digestion, peptides of each sample were labeled with iTRAQ 4plex prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. (B and C) Venn diagrams depicting the number of common and differentially expressed proteins in fetal and adult FT (B) and uterine organoids (C). LC-MS/MS analysis detected a total of 1,181 proteins in the fetal FT organoids, 1,824 proteins in the adult FT organoids, 1,787 proteins in the fetal uterine organoids, and 2,001 proteins in the adult uterine organoids with a false discovery rate <1%. (D and E) Hierarchical clustering analysis of the expression levels of 1,122 proteins commonly expressed in adult and fetal FT organoids and 1,599 proteins commonly expressed in adult and fetal uterine organoids. Clustering highlighted the top 10 up-regulated (>1.5-fold) and down-regulated (<0.66-fold) expressed proteins in fetal FT (D) and uterine organoid (E) groups. (F–I) Ingenuity pathway analysis of LC-MS/MS data from A depicting the top 5 significantly up-regulated pathways in the indicated organoid groups. The x axis indicates Fisher’s exact test P value, while the y axis represents the corresponding canonical pathways.