TABLE 1.
Characteristics of studies.
| Study | Country | Age (ES/EF) | Male (%) | Setting | N (ES/EF) | Indicator | Timing of extubation | Methods and durations of SBT | Definition of EF | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chien2008 testing group (Chien et al., 2008) | China | 79.1 ± 8.6/81.5 ± 7.4 | 53 | ICU | 33/8 | BNP | Before extubation | 2 h SBT | SBT failure or reintubation within 48 h | 7 |
| Chien2008 validation group (Chien et al., 2008) | China | 79.7 ± 9.2/76.3 ± 7.3 | 57 | ICU | 38/11 | BNP | Before extubation | 2 h SBT | SBT failure or reintubation within 48 h | 7 |
| Dubo 2019 (Dubo et al., 2019) | Chile | 54 ± 21/47 ± 24 | 81 | medical-surgical ICU | 154/11 | CVP | Before and after extubation | T- piece and 60–120 min SBT | Reintubation within 48 h | 7 |
| Konomi 2016 (Konomi et al., 2016) | Greece | 54 ± 21/69 ± 16 | 40 | Multidisciplinary ICU | 27/15 | CVP and BNP | Before and after extubation | T- piece and 2 h SBT | SBT failure or reintubation within 48 h | 6 |
| Ma 2013 (Ma et al., 2013) | China | 62.3 ± 12.0/59.1 ± 3.9 | 85.7 | ICU | 22/7 | CVP | Before extubation | T- piece and 120 min SBT | Reintubation within 48 h | 6 |
| Saugel 2012 (Saugel et al., 2012) | Germany | 63.5 ± 14.5/64.6 ± 8.4 | 86 | medical ICU | 54/7 | CVP | Before extubation | NG | Reintubation within 48 h | 7 |
| Zapata 2011 (Zapata et al., 2011) | Spain | 61.6 ± 14.7/66.7 ± 9.7 | 68 | ICU | 58/10 | CVP and BNP | Before and after extubation | T- piece and 30–120 min SBT | Reintubation within 48 h | 8 |
| Zhao 2021 MIMIC-IV (Zhao et al., 2021) | NG | 64 ± 16/68 ± 15 | NG | ICU | 13,433/2,756 | CVP | Before extubation | NG | Reintubation | 7 |
| Zhao 2021 ZS (Zhao et al., 2021) | China | 60 ± 13/63 ± 12 | NG | ICU | 451/51 | CVP | Before extubation | NG | NIV、 reintubation or death within 48 h | 8 |
| Farghaly 2015 (Farghaly et al., 2015) | Australia | 53.81 ± 18.9/57.14 ± 12.9 | 43 | Respiratory ICU | 16/14 | BNP | Before and after extubation | PSV and 2 h SBT | SBT failure or reintubation within 48 h | 8 |
| Maraghi 2014 (Maraghi et al., 2014) | Egypt | 46 ± 10.35/54 ± 9.25 | 32 | ICU | 25/7 | BNP | Before and after extubation | T-piece and 2 h SBT | SBT failure or reintubation within 48 h | 6 |
| Soummer 2012 (Soummer et al., 2012) | France | 59 ± 14± 15 | 59 | Multidisciplinary ICU | 57/29 | BNP | Before and after extubation | T- piece and 60- min SBT | Noninvasive or invasive ventilation) within 48 h after extubation | 7 |
| Tanios 2016 (Tanios et al., 2016) | United States | NA | 48 | ICU | 56/29 | BNP | Before extubation | PSV and 2 h SBT | SBT failure | 6 |
| Haji 2018 (Haji et al., 2018) | Australia | 63.5 ± 4.6/77 ± 2.7 | 64 | ICU | 42/11 | BNP | after extubation | PSV and 60min SBT | Nonscheduled NIVM, or death within 48 h | 7 |
Abbreviations: EF, extubation failure; ES, extubation successI; ICU, intensive care unit; SBT, spontaneous breathing trail; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CVP: central venous pressure; NG: not given.