Table 2.
Patients characteristics and perioperative outcome variables
| Group OA n = 50 |
Group OFA n = 51 |
StD / P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n, %) | 22.0 (44.0) | 28.0 (54.9) | 0.109¶ |
| Age (SD) | 52.5 (10.2) | 53.1 (8.6) | 0.058¶ |
| Body Mass Index (BMI, SD) | 24.6 (2.9) | 24.4 (3.1) | 0.071¶ |
| Duration of surgery (SD, min) | 196.3 (51.5) | 205.1 (48.4) | 0.375§ |
| Dexmedetomidine infusion time (SD, min) | 154.5 (37.1) | - | |
| Remifentanil infusion time (SD, min) | 192.3 (51.8) | - | |
| Fluid Infusion volumes (IQR, ml) | 1900.0 (1500.0.0–2445) | 2000.0 (1800.0–2245.0) | 0.264* |
| Urinary volume (IQR, ml) | 550.0 (400.0–750.0) | 600.0 (360.0–800.0) | 0.659* |
| Dexmedetomidine consumption (SD, g) | — | 125.0 (33.0) | |
| Remifentanil consumption (SD, mg) | 1.1 (0.4) | — | |
| Atropine consumption (IQR, mg) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) | 0.028* |
| Norepinephrine consumption (IQR, g) | 28.0 (0–160.0) | 6.0 (0–65.0) | 0.368* |
| Extubation time (SD, min) | 10.9 (3.6) | 15.0 (6.8) | < 0.001§ |
| Urinary retention (n, %) | 1 (2) | 0 | 0.310# |
| Pruritus (n, %) | 0 | 0 | - |
| Postoperative nausea and vomiting (n, %) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 0.149# |
| Bedtime (SD, h) | 46.4 (11.5) | 49.2 (11.1) | 0.274§ |
| Drinking time (SD, h) | 46.2 (16.4) | 44.4 (17) | 0.593§ |
| Time to passage of flatus (SD, h) | 34.7 (18.6) | 32.3 (19.9) | 0.547§ |
| Hospital discharge time (SD, day) | 8.5 (2.9) | 8.9 (2.8) | 0.440§ |
| Hospital expenses (SD, thousand Yuan) | 80.4 (14.4) | 78.6 (15.1) | 0.535§ |
Data are presented as relative number of patients, mean ± standard deviation (SD), median (IQR)
¶ Standardized differences were calculated using Cohen d (JASP); * Wilcoxon rank-sum test; # Fisher’s exact test; § unpaired Student’s t-test
SD Standardized differences; Extubation time: time from the completion of intravenous neostigmine and/or nalmefene to the removal of the tracheal tube; Time to passage of flatus: the time from returning to the ward to the first breaking wind. Dexmedetomidine infusion time: the time from giving loading dose dexmedetomidine to stopping input. Remifentanil infusion time: the time from infusion remifentanil to stopping input