Fig. 5.

Therapeutic use of TGF-β1 alleviated the pyroptosis of microglia LPC-modeling mice. A A schematic diagram showing the procedure and position of brain stereotactic injection. B The timeline of LPC-modeling, TGF-β1 application, behavioral tests, and tissues harvest. C The protein level of GSDMD, Cleaved-GSDMD, Pro-caspase-1, Caspase-1-p20, NLRP3, ASC, Pro-IL-1β, and Cleaved- IL-1β in the corpus callosum among three group was examined by Western blot. D, E Quantitative analysis of Western blot was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001, n.s. no significance versus Sham group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, n.s. no significance versus Vehicle group. N = 5 per group. F The escape latency among three groups of mice during acquisition phase of Morris water maze test. Two‐way ANOVA with repeated measures was used for statistical analysis followed by Bonferroni posttests. **P < 0. 01 versus Sham mice; #P < 0.05 versus Vehicle mice. N = 10 per group. G The times of crossing the platform location in probe trial of Morris water maze test. Representative movement trails of three groups were shown. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05 versus Sham mice; ##P < 0.01 versus Vehicle mice. N = 10 per group