Table 2.
Mean relative concentrations (expressed as % from total peak areas) and standard deviations of volatile compounds from different provenances of Dendrobiums analyzed by HS-GC/MS technique.
| No | Chemical | RM | RI | TC-DHS | W-DHS | TC-DO | W-DO | TC-DM | W-DM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cyclohexenea,b,c | 874 | 704 | — | — | — | — | 6.15 ± 1.25 | — |
| 2 | Methyl isobutyl ketonea,b | 832 | 721 | — | — | 0.24 ± 0.07 | — | — | 6.38 ± 0.87 |
| 3 | 3-hydroxy-2-butanonea,b,c | 842 | 733 | 3.53 ± 0.21 | — | — | — | — | 2.17 ± 0.11 |
| 4 | N,N-dimethyl-propanamidea | 803 | 741 | — | 1.09 ± 0.08 | 12.64 ± 1.19 | 0.14 ± 0.08 | — | — |
| 5 | Not identified | — | 752 | — | — | — | 1.98 ± 0.17 | — | — |
| 6 | 3-methyl-1-butanola,b,c | 819 | 762 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.86 ± 0.08 |
| 7 | 1-pentanola,b,c | 915 | 775 | — | 5.17 ± 0.55 | — | — | — | — |
| 8 | Not identified | — | 779 | — | — | 4.41 ± 0.23 | — | 4.64 ± 0.77 | 2.04 ± 0.24 |
| 9 | 1-octenea,b | 821 | 785 | — | — | 0.61 ± 0.05 | — | 1.33 ± 0.27 | 0.69 ± 0.07 |
| 10 | Hexanala,b,c | 914 | 790 | 4.84 ± 0.15 | 2.01 ± 0.07 | 10.39 ± 0.62 | 8.59 ± 0.33 | 12.95 ± 2.56 | 5.14 ± 0.88 |
| 11 | (S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acida | 807 | 801 | — | — | — | 1.21 ± 0.25 | — | — |
| 12 | Cyclopentanola,b,c | 896 | 803 | — | — | 1.4 ± 0.09 | — | — | — |
| 13 | 2,3-butanediola,b,c | 878 | 806 | — | — | — | 0.41 ± 0.11 | — | — |
| 14 | 4-methyloctanoic acida | 952 | 820 | — | 0.42 ± 0.04 | 0.57 ± 0.06 | 0.79 ± 0.14 | 0.16 ± 0.07 | 0.32 ± 0.05 |
| 15 | Furfurala,b | 878 | 833 | 2.48 ± 0.41 | 10.16 ± 1.18 | 11.75 ± 0.61 | 20.84 ± 1.75 | 4.68 ± 0.85 | 4.95 ± 0.66 |
| 16 | 3-methyl-1-pentanola,b | 887 | 846 | — | — | 1.66 ± 0.11 | — | — | — |
| 17 | Not identified | — | 857 | — | — | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 1.94 ± 0.22 | — | — |
| 18 | 2-heptanonea,b | 875 | 873 | — | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | 0.24 ± 0.06 | 0.26 ± 0.09 | 0.13 ± 0.02 |
| 19 | 2-ethyl-heptanoic acida,b | 842 | 877 | — | 0.26 ± 0.04 | 0.9 ± 0.04 | 0.71 ± 0.08 | 1.12 ± 0.07 | 1.71 ± 0.15 |
| 20 | 2-hexen-1-ol, (E)-a,b | 921 | 881 | — | — | 0.53 ± 0.05 | — | — | — |
| 21 | Not identified | — | 895 | — | — | — | — | 1.21 ± 0.18 | 1.06 ± 0.09 |
| 22 | Not identified | — | 899 | — | — | 0.49 ± 0.08 | 0.63 ± 0.07 | — | — |
| 23 | 11-hexadecen-1-ol, (E)-a | 809 | 961 | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 0.56 ± 0.04 | — | — | 1.08 ± 0.11 | — |
| 24 | Benzaldehydea,b | 933 | 982 | — | — | 1.03 ± 0.11 | 1.28 ± 0.22 | ||
| 25 | 4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-onea | 815 | 992 | — | — | 2.89 ± 0.78 | — | — | — |
| 26 | Benzeneacetaldehydea,b | 903 | 1003 | 8.05 ± 1.33 | 9.44 ± 0.87 | 6.64 ± 1.12 | 6.5 ± 0.75 | 11.01 ± 1.03 | 9.78 ± 0.94 |
| 27 | Cis-9-tetradecen-1-ola | 824 | 1014 | 0.34 ± 0.06 | — | — | — | 0.59 ± 0.08 | — |
| 28 | Eucalyptola,b | 847 | 1032 | 6.14 ± 1.47 | 2.39 ± 0.54 | 10.31 ± 1.96 | 10.79 ± 1.32 | 7.98 ± 0.85 | 3.02 ± |
| 29 | Not identified | — | — | — | — | 0.88 ± 0.21 | — | — | — |
| 30 | 1-octanola,b | 839 | 1051 | — | 1 ± 0.11 | 3.8 ± 0.96 | 2.29 ± 0.77 | — | 0.18 ± 0.03 |
| 31 | Cyclopentadecanola | 804 | 1061 | 2.28 ± 0.22 | 0.7 ± 0.05 | 1.3 ± 0.23 | 1.18 ± 0.21 | 1.6 ± 0.08 | 3.44 ± 0.39 |
| 32 | Acetophenonea,b | 856 | 1069 | 0.48 ± 0.08 | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.38 ± 0.11 | 0.46 ± 0.08 | 0.77 ± 0.09 | 0.49 ± 0.07 |
| 33 | 1-octanola,b,c | 897 | 1083 | — | — | 0.69 ± 0.12 | 0.64 ± 0.07 | 0.46 ± 0.06 | — |
| 34 | Terpinolenea,b,c | 868 | 1097 | 11.78 ± 2.13 | 2.65 ± 0.39 | 1.46 ± 0.32 | 5.62 ± 0.99 | 28.18 ± | 11.22 ± 1.22 |
| 35 | Nonanala,b | 884 | 1108 | 0.71 ± 0.09 | — | 0.22 ± 0.08 | 0.23 ± 0.07 | 0.61 ± 0.04 | — |
| 36 | Linaloola,b | 981 | 1114 | 0.52 ± 0.07 | 3.22 ± 0.58 | 2.07 ± 0.55 | 9.46 ± 0.82 | — | — |
| 37 | Nonanala,b,c | 947 | 1128 | — | — | — | — | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 2.37 ± 0.15 |
| 38 | 1-acetyl-2-methyl-1-cyclopentenea | 936 | 1135 | — | 0.3 ± 0.05 | 0.33 ± 0.04 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.48 ± 0.08 | 0.41 ± 0.07 |
| 39 | Undecanala | 892 | 1151 | 0.88 ± 0.06 | 0.6 ± 0.04 | — | — | — | — |
| 40 | 3-ethyl-phenola,b | 845 | 1165 | — | 0.69 ± 0.09 | 0.73 ± 0.11 | 5.33 ± 0.88 | — | 0.54 ± 0.09 |
| 41 | Not identified | — | 1171 | — | 0.75 ± 0.08 | 0.99 ± 021 | 0.89 ± 0.09 | — | — |
| 42 | 1-dodecenea,b | 848 | 1175 | 18.56 ± 2.35 | 2.08 ± 0.79 | 0.88 ± 0.16 | 2.51 ± 0.44 | 0.48 ± 0.08 | 1.68 ± 0.11 |
| 43 | Octanoic acida,b | 854 | 1185 | 14.07 ± 1.15 | 2.5 ± 0.57 | 3.07 ± 0.22 | 2.81 ± 0.45 | 4.22 ± 0.77 | 9.98 ± 0.65 |
| 44 | A,4-dimethy l-3-cyclohexene-1-acetaldehydea | 817 | 1184 | — | — | — | 0.34 ± 0.05 | — | — |
| 45 | Glycolophenonea | 832 | 1193 | 0.69 ± 0.05 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.47 ± 0.13 | 0.44 ± 0.08 | 0.74 ± 0.08 | 3.52 ± 0.54 |
| 46 | Octanoic acid ethyl estera,b | 899 | 1203 | 7.85 ± 1.87 | 1.99 ± 0.15 | 2.47 ± 0.22 | 2.01 ± 023 | 2.61 ± 0.21 | 14.24 ± 2.13 |
| 47 | 4-terpinenola,b | 821 | 1220 | — | 1.08 ± 0.13 | 0.81 ± 0.09 | 1.02 ± 0.08 | — | 0.46 ± 0.05 |
| 48 | Not identified | — | 1234 | 0.75 ± 0.11 | 1.41 ± 0.21 | 1.27 ± 0.22 | 1.49 ± 0.17 | 0.44 ± 0.07 | 1.07 ± 0.05 |
| 49 | Isolongifolene epoxidea | 809 | 1253 | — | — | — | — | 0.12 ± 0.04 | — |
| 50 | 2,3,5-trimethyl-phenola,b,c | 884 | 1266 | 2.13 ± 0.09 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 51 | 1-decanola,b | 875 | 1285 | 0.69 ± 0.07 | 41.4 ± 3.87 | — | — | — | — |
| 52 | 9-tetradecen-1-ol, (E)-a | 855 | 1295 | — | — | 0.65 ± 0.07 | — | — | 1.98 ± 0.21 |
| 53 | 3,4-dihydro-5,7-dimethyl-1(2H)-Naphthalenonea | 801 | 1311 | — | — | — | 0.76 ± 0.08 | — | — |
| 54 | 2-naphthaleneethanola | 832 | 1329 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.26 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | — | 0.21 ± 0.04 | 1.15 ± 0.14 |
| 55 | 1-hexadecen-1-ol, (Z)-a | 896 | 1347 | — | 0.81 ± 0.08 | — | — | — | — |
| 56 | 1-undecanola,b | 854 | 1368 | — | 0.68 ± 0.11 | — | — | — | — |
| 57 | Not identified | — | 1396 | — | 0.1 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.04 | 0.19 ± 0.05 | 0.13 ± 0.03 | 0.34 ± 0.07 |
| 58 | Dodecanala,b,c | 875 | 1426 | 0.25 ± 0.06 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.18 ± 0.05 | — | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.73 ± 0.09 |
| 59 | Not identified | — | 1488 | — | — | 0.58 ± 0.07 | 0.21 ± 0.04 | — | — |
| 60 | 2-naphthalenola,b | 855 | 1524 | — | 0.14 ± 0.03 | 0.11 ± 0.05 | — | — | 0.24 ± 0.07 |
| 61 | N-tridecanola,b,c | 891 | 1591 | 4.42 ± 0.24 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 62 | Not identified | — | 1675 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.63 ± 0.09 |
| 63 | Pentadecanoic acida,b | 826 | 1889 | 2.39 ± 0.31 | — | — | — | — | — |
— = not detected in our experimental conditions; HS-GC/MS = headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; RI = retention indices; RM = relative match; TC-DHS = tissue-cultured Dendrobium huoshanense; TC-DM = tissue-cultured Dendrobium moniliforme; TC-DO = tissue-cultured Dendrobium officinale; W-DHS = wild D. huoshanense; W-DM = wild D. moniliforme; W-DO = wild D. officinale.
a
Tentatively identified based on the National Institute of Technology and Standards library.
b
Identified based on the RI in literature.
c
Identified based on the authentic chemicals.