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. 2001 Dec;67(12):5791–5800. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.12.5791-5800.2001

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2

Whole-cell FISH of nitrifying biomasses. (A) FITC stain of Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB enrichment to be added to aquaria. (B) Simultaneous hybridization of AOB enrichment with Cy-3 stain for all AOB (red) and FITC stain for Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB, resulting in a yellow color for this AOB strain. (C) Simultaneous hybridization of biomass enrichment before addition to a newly established aquarium with Cy-3 stain for all AOB (red) and FITC stain for Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB, resulting in a yellow color for Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB and showing some non Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB. (D) Biomass material harvested from an aquarium with active ammonia oxidation after inoculation with the enrichment from panel C showing the presence of only Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB, which are yellow from the simultaneous hybridization with Cy-3 stain for all AOB and FITC stain for Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB. (E) Dual staining of nitrifying enrichment with Cy-3 for all AOB and FITC for Nitrospira spp. showing the proximity of AOB to NOB. (F) Dual staining of nitrifying biomass with FITC for Nitrosomonas marina-like AOB and Cy-3 for Nitrospira sp. NOB, elucidating the structure of the nitrifying consortium.