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. 2022 May 13;145(7):2541–2554. doi: 10.1093/brain/awac177

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Sex-specific shared genetic architecture between resilience and complex traits. Genetic covariance estimates with 95% confidence intervals are shown in the figure, with female estimates in pink and male estimates in blue. Grey confidence intervals denote a non-significant covariance estimate irrespective of sex. (A) Genetic covariance estimates with residual cognitive resilience, by sex, for Alzheimer’s disease and for FTD. (B) Genetic covariance estimates with combined resilience, by sex, for three HRV traits and for two autoimmune traits.