Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population before and after propensity score matching.
| Before PSM | After PSM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTA + PCI | PCI only | p value | PTA + PCI | PCI only | p value | SMD | |
| N = 279 | N = 6284 | N = 279 | N = 1385 | ||||
| Male | 214 (76.7) | 3749 (59.7) | < 0.001 | 214 (76.7) | 1089 (78.6) | 0.527 | − 0.042 |
| Age (years) | 70.8 ± 9.0 | 69.4 ± 10.0 | 0.011 | 70.8 ± 9.0 | 70.8 ± 9.4 | 0.998 | < 0.001 |
| Income levels ≥ median | 134 (48) | 3146 (50.1) | 0.546 | 134 (48) | 663 (47.9) | 0.999 | − 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.8 ± 2.4 | 24.6 ± 2.6 | < 0.001 | 23.8 ± 2.4 | 23.8 ± 2.4 | 0.989 | 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 84.9 ± 6.5 | 85.6 ± 7.1 | 0.091 | 84.9 ± 6.5 | 85.1 ± 6.9 | 0.705 | − 0.025 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 70.4 ± 20.2 | 75.2 ± 23.7 | < 0.001 | 70.4 ± 20.2 | 70.3 ± 21.3 | 0.98 | 0.002 |
| Index MI | 51 (18.3) | 1958 (31.2) | < 0.001 | 51 (18.3) | 250 (18.1) | 0.996 | − 0.005 |
| Multi vessel CAD | 53 (19) | 1025 (16.3) | 0.271 | 53 (19) | 254 (18.3) | 0.862 | − 0.017 |
| Procedural characteristics | |||||||
| Number of coronary stents | 1.97 ± 0.31 | 1.97 ± 0.25 | 0.795 | 1.97 ± 0.31 | 1.97 ± 0.25 | 0.992 | 0.022 |
| Number of PCI vessels | 1.24 ± 0.53 | 1.18 ± 0.46 | 0.099 | 1.24 ± 0.53 | 1.21 ± 0.50 | 0.464 | 0.049 |
| Number of peripheral stents | 1.71 ± 0.48 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | – | 1.71 ± 0.48 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | – | – |
| Types of PTA | – | – | |||||
| Plain balloon angiography | 58 (20.8) | 0 (0.0) | 58 (20.8) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Drug-eluting balloon | 5 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Stenting | 189 (67.7) | 0 (0.0) | 189 (67.7) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Others | 27 (9.7) | 6284 (100.0) | 27 (9.7) | 1385 (100.0) | |||
| Types of PCI | 0.233 | 0.435 | − 0.071 | ||||
| Plain balloon angiography | 16 (5.7) | 258 (4.1) | 16 (5.7) | 60 (4.3) | |||
| Drug-eluting balloon | 8 (2.9) | 106 (1.7) | 8 (2.9) | 24 (1.7) | |||
| Stenting | 250 (89.6) | 5826 (92.7) | 250 (89.6) | 1277 (92.2) | |||
| Others | 5 (1.8) | 94 (1.5) | 5 (1.8) | 24 (1.7) | |||
| DAPT duration (months)* | 7 [1, 20] | 12 [3, 28] | < 0.001 | 7 [1, 20] | 10 [2, 26] | 0.019 | − 0.109 |
| Medication | |||||||
| DAPT | 233 (83.5) | 5515 (87.8) | 0.044 | 233 (83.5) | 1195 (86.3) | 0.265 | − 0.079 |
| Statin | 238 (85.3) | 5708 (90.8) | 0.003 | 238 (85.3) | 1240 (89.5) | 0.052 | − 0.131 |
| Oral and coagulants | 14 (5.0) | 169 (2.7) | 0.034 | 14 (5) | 52 (3.8) | 0.413 | 0.066 |
| Charlson's comorbidity index | 5.3 ± 2.4 | 4.8 ± 2.5 | < 0.001 | 5.3 ± 2.4 | 5.3 ± 2.7 | 0.889 | 0.009 |
| ≤ 3 | 75 (26.9) | 2133 (33.9) | 0.003 | 75 (26.9) | 383 (27.6) | 0.948 | 0.021 |
| 4–6 | 118 (42.3) | 2716 (43.2) | 118 (42.3) | 587 (42.4) | |||
| ≥ 7 | 86 (30.8) | 1435 (22.8) | 86 (30.8) | 415 (30.0) | |||
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Any history of bleeding | 31 (11.1) | 588 (9.4) | 0.381 | 31 (11.1) | 130 (9.4) | 0.437 | − 0.057 |
| Peptic ulcer | 48 (17.2) | 1047 (16.7) | 0.876 | 48 (17.2) | 236 (17) | 1.000 | − 0.004 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 42 (15.1) | 662 (10.5) | 0.022 | 42 (15.1) | 205 (14.8) | 0.987 | 0.008 |
| Connective tissue disease | 4 (1.4) | 59 (0.9) | 0.606 | 4 (1.4) | 12 (0.9) | 0.583 | 0.052 |
| Heart failure | 101 (36.2) | 1948 (31.0) | 0.075 | 101 (36.2) | 489 (35.3) | 0.784 | 0.019 |
| Hypertension | 256 (91.8) | 5746 (91.4) | 0.939 | 256 (91.8) | 1269 (91.6) | 1.000 | − 0.005 |
| Diabetes | 219 (78.5) | 4549 (72.4) | 0.030 | 219 (78.5) | 1106 (79.9) | 0.665 | 0.032 |
| Myocardial infarction | 79 (28.3) | 2434 (38.7) | 0.001 | 79 (28.3) | 390 (28.2) | 1.000 | − 0.003 |
| Peripheral artery diseases | 146 (52.3) | 4146 (66) | < 0.001 | 146 (52.3) | 733 (52.9) | 0.908 | 0.012 |
| Intracranial hemorrhage | 4 (1.4) | 63 (1.0) | 0.533 | 4 (1.4) | 17 (1.2) | 0.768 | 0.019 |
| Stroke or cerebral ischemia | 107 (38.4) | 1590 (25.3) | < 0.0001 | 107 (38.4) | 513 (37.0) | 0.684 | 0.028 |
| Hemiplegia | 17 (6.1) | 109 (1.7) | < 0.001 | 17 (6.1) | 59 (4.3) | 0.238 | − 0.095 |
| Dementia | 13 (4.7) | 294 (4.7) | 1.000 | 13 (4.7) | 94 (6.8) | 0.235 | − 0.101 |
| Chronic kidney diseases | 40 (14.3) | 491 (7.8) | < 0.001 | 40 (14.3) | 188 (13.6) | 0.808 | − 0.024 |
| End-stage renal diseases | 18 (6.5) | 178 (2.8) | 0.001 | 18 (6.5) | 82 (5.9) | 0.840 | − 0.025 |
Data are presented with the mean ± SD or N (%).
PSM, propensity-score matching; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PTA, Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MI, myocardial infarction; DAPT, dual-antiplatelet therapy.
*Variables with a skewed distribution are presented with the median [1st quartile value, 3rd quartile value].