Table 2.
ANOVA Results for Behavioral Health and Cognitive Outcomes by PTSD Recovery Status and Deployment Mild TBI History (N = 124)
| Omnibus Model | PTSD Recovery | Deployment mTBI | Interaction | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measures | F | p | R2 | η2 | F | p | ηp2 | F | p | ηp2 | F | p | ηp2 |
| Behavioral Health | |||||||||||||
| NSI Total | 4.87 | .003 | .099 | .10 | 11.01 | .001 | .075 | 2.92 | .090 | .020 | 0.57 | .454 | .004 |
| NSI Affective | 6.80 | <.001 | .133 | .13 | 18.42 | <.001 | .120 | 1.51 | .222 | .010 | 0.27 | .605 | .002 |
| NSI Cognitive | 2.84 | .040 | .060 | .06 | 7.59 | .007 | .054 | 1.10 | .297 | .008 | 0.07 | .786 | .001 |
| NSI Somatic | 4.17 | .007 | .086 | .09 | 7.86 | .006 | .054 | 2.92 | .090 | .020 | 1.45 | .231 | .010 |
| PCL-5 | 10.97 | <.001 | .198 | .20 | 28.98 | <.001 | .175 | 2.03 | .157 | .012 | 1.13 | .289 | .007 |
| PHQ-9 | 7.47 | <.001 | .144 | .14 | 21.70 | <.001 | .140 | 0.00 | .968 | <.001 | 0.14 | .709 | .001 |
| PROMIS-PI | 3.07 | .030 | .065 | .06 | 5.87 | .017 | .041 | 3.14 | .079 | .022 | 0.26 | .609 | .002 |
| PSQI | 3.41 | .020 | .071 | .07 | 8.47 | .004 | .060 | 0.00 | .948 | <.001 | 1.09 | .298 | .008 |
| QOLIBRI Total | 3.09 | .030 | .065 | .07 | 8.06 | .005 | .057 | 0.05 | .823 | <.001 | 0.59 | .443 | .004 |
| Cognition | 2.07 | .120 | .045 | .04 | 5.79 | .018 | .042 | 0.09 | .764 | <.001 | 0.14 | .708 | .001 |
| Self-Esteem | 4.93 | .003 | .100 | .10 | 14.34 | <.001 | .010 | 0.06 | .806 | <.001 | 0.04 | .845 | <.001 |
| Independence | 0.70 | .554 | .016 | .02 | 1.63 | .204 | .012 | 0.25 | .616 | .002 | 0.08 | .779 | <.001 |
| Social Relationships | 2.43 | .068 | .052 | .05 | 1.16 | .283 | .008 | 2.84 | .094 | .020 | 2.61 | .109 | .019 |
| Emotional Health | 2.83 | .041 | .060 | .06 | 7.54 | .007 | .053 | 0.01 | .918 | <.001 | 0.47 | .494 | .003 |
| Physical Health | 3.81 | .012 | .079 | .08 | 4.46 | .037 | .031 | 6.94 | .010 | .048 | 0.23 | .632 | .002 |
| Cognitive Functioning | |||||||||||||
| WAIS-IV: | |||||||||||||
| PRI | 1.42 | .241 | .031 | .03 | 0.27 | .604 | .002 | 0.96 | .329 | .007 | 3.07 | .082 | .022 |
| VCI | 1.47 | .225 | .032 | .03 | 0.34 | .562 | .003 | 0.12 | .732 | <.001 | 3.77 | .054 | .023 |
| WMI | 1.00 | .397 | .022 | .02 | 0.54 | .464 | .004 | 0.44 | .507 | .003 | 1.88 | .172 | .014 |
| PSI | 4.58 | .004 | .094 | .09 | 1.42 | .235 | .010 | 2.03 | .157 | .014 | 9.87 | .002 | .067 |
| Semantic Fluency | 1.66 | .178 | .037 | .04 | 3.73 | .056 | .027 | 0.97 | .327 | .007 | 0.36 | .545 | .003 |
| Phonemic Fluency | 1.23 | .300 | .027 | .03 | 0.01 | .934 | <.001 | 3.47 | .065 | .026 | 0.26 | .610 | .002 |
| TMT-A | 7.68 | <.001 | .149 | .15 | 1.48 | .226 | .010 | 16.27 | <.001 | .105 | 5.49 | .021 | .035 |
| TMT-B | 3.56 | .016 | .075 | .07 | 2.90 | .091 | .020 | 6.00 | .016 | .042 | 1.75 | .188 | .012 |
Note. Type III SS reported for omnibus models including two main effects and an interaction effect. mTBI = mild traumatic brain injury; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; Interaction = interaction of deployment mTBI and PTSD recovery variables; η2 = eta squared; ηp2 = partial eta squared; NSI = Neurobehavioral Symptoms Inventory; PCL-5 = PTSD Checklist for DSM-5; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire; PROMIS-PI = Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, Pain Interference; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; QOLIBRI = Quality of Life After Brain Injury; WAIS-IV = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, fourth edition; PRI = Perceptual Reasoning Index; VCI = Verbal Comprehension Index; WMI = Working Memory Index; PSI = Processing Speed Index; Semantic Fluency = Animal Naming Test; Phonemic Fluency = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; TMT-A = Trail Making Test A; TMT-B = Trail Making Test B. Bold font indicates statistical significance after False Discovery Rate correction for multiple comparisons.