Table 2:
Event rates of incident heart failure among MESA participants
| Overall HF | HFpEF | HFrEF | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases/No. at Risk | Event Rates (per 1000 Person-Years) | Cases/No. at Risk | Event Rates (per 1000 Person-Years) | Cases/No. at Risk | Event Rates (per 1000 Person-Years) | |
| Glycemic status | ||||||
| Normal | 204/4,931 | 3.1 (2.7, 3.6) | 86/4,931 | 1.3 (1.1, 1.6) | 99/4,931 | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) |
| Pre-diabetes | 52/921 | 4.5 (3.5, 6.0) | 22/921 | 1.9 (1.3, 2.9) | 27/921 | 2.4 (1.6, 3.4) |
| Diabetes | 100/836 | 10.5 (8.7, 12.8) | 37/836 | 3.9 (2.8, 5.4) | 47/836 | 4.9 (3.7, 6.6) |
| Pooled | 356/6,688 | 4.1 (3.7, 4.6) | 145/6,688 | 1.7 (1.4, 2.0) | 173/6,688 | 2.0 (1.7, 2.3) |
| Fasting plasma glucose | ||||||
| <100 mg/dL | 219/5,043 | 3.3 (2.9, 3.8) | 91/5,043 | 1.4 (1.1, 1.7) | 106/5,043 | 1.6 (1.3, 1.9) |
| 100–125 mg/dL | 75/1,104 | 5.5 (4.4, 6.9) | 29/1,104 | 2.1 (1.5, 3.1) | 39/1,104 | 2.9 (2.1, 3.9) |
| ≥ 126 mg/dL | 62/541 | 10.1 (7.9, 12.9) | 25/541 | 4.1 (2.7, 6.0) | 28/541 | 4.6 (3.1, 6.6) |
| Pooled | 356/6,688 | 4.1 (3.7, 4.6) | 145/6,688 | 1.7 (1.4, 2.0) | 173/6,688 | 2.0 (1.7, 2.3) |
| HbA1C | ||||||
| <5.7 % | 145/3,812 | 2.8 (2.4, 3.3) | 58/3,812 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 73/3,812 | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
| 5.7–6.4 % | 93/1,559 | 4.6 (3.8, 5.6) | 45/1,559 | 2.2 (1.7, 3.0) | 40/1,559 | 2.0 (1.5, 2.7) |
| ≥ 6.5 % | 75/688 | 9.0 (7.2, 11.2) | 28/688 | 3.3 (2.3, 4.9) | 37/688 | 4.4 (3.2, 6.1) |
| Pooled | 313/6,059 | 3.9 (3.5, 4.3) | 131/6,059 | 1.6 (1.4, 1.9) | 150/6,059 | 1.9 (1.6, 2.2) |
| HOMA-IR * | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 47/1,462 | 2.4 (1.8, 3.2) | 15/1462 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.3) | 26/1462 | 1.3 (0.9, 2.0) |
| Quartile 2 | 55/1,460 | 2.8 (2.2, 3.7) | 25/1,460 | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 27/1,460 | 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) |
| Quartile 3 | 74/1,461 | 3.9 (3.1, 4.9) | 34/1,461 | 1.8 (1.3, 2.5) | 32/1,461 | 1.7 (1.2, 2.4) |
| Quartile 4 | 80/1,460 | 4.2 (3.4, 5.3) | 34/1,460 | 1.8 (1.3, 2.5) | 41/1,460 | 2.2 (1.6, 3.0) |
| Pooled | 256/5,843 | 3.3 (3.0, 3.8) | 108/5,843 | 1.4 (1.2, 1.7) | 126/5,843 | 1.6 (1.4, 2.0) |
| Fasting plasma insulin * | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 50/1,462 | 2.6 (2.0, 3.4) | 17/1,462 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.4) | 27/1,462 | 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) |
| Quartile 2 | 54/1,500 | 2.7 (2.1, 3.5) | 23/1,500 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 29/1,500 | 1.5 (1.0, 2.1) |
| Quartile 3 | 77/1,423 | 4.2 (3.6, 5.2) | 38/1,423 | 2.1 (1.5, 2.8) | 31/1,423 | 1.7 (1.2, 2.4) |
| Quartile 4 | 75/1,458 | 4.0 (3.2, 5.0) | 30/1,458 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.3) | 39/1,458 | 2.1 (1.5, 2.8) |
| Pooled | 256/5,843 | 3.3 (3.0, 3.8) | 108/5,843 | 1.4 (1.2, 1.7) | 126/5,843 | 1.6 (1.4, 2.0) |
Abbreviations: HbA1C, Glycated Hemoglobin; HF, Heart Failure; HFpEF, HF with Preserved Ejection Fraction; HFrEF, HF with Reduced Ejection Fraction; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; MESA, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
*
Only individual without diabetes were included in the analyses