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. 2022 Jul 31;40:40–43. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.07.007

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© 2022 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Fig. 2 — Anteroposterior views of serial right internal carotid angiograms obtained before (A,B) and after (C,D) injection of IA nimopdipine. The black arrows in A and C indicate a severe right MCA stenosis which improved with treatment. The arrowheads in B indicate decreased anterograde filling of right MCA branches (black arrowheads) and retrograde filling of the MCA territory through leptomeningeal collaterals fed by the ACA (white arrowheads). After IA nimopdipine (D), anterograde flow increased (black arrowheads) and leptomeningeal collaterals disappeared, indicating significant improvement in hemodynamics due to a reversible vasospastic component of the MCA stenosis. IA Intra-arterial; MCA Middle cerebral artery; ACA Anterior cerebral artery.