Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| No-vasopressor support | Moderate-vasopressor support | High-vasopressor support | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TTM33 | Normothermia | TTM33 | Normothermia | TTM33 | Normothermia | |
| n | 346 | 320 | 448 | 454 | 136 | 157 |
| Age (median [IQR]) | 63 [54, 72] | 62 [52, 71] | 67 [59, 75] | 65 [57, 74] | 66 [58, 74] | 68 [58, 75] |
| Male sex (%) | 286 (83) | 264 (83) | 353 (79) | 353 (78) | 103 (76) | 118 (75) |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Cardiac disease (%) | 177 (53) | 135 (44) | 256 (61) | 248 (58) | 67 (51) | 80 (54) |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 69 (21) | 60 (20) | 112 (27) | 115 (27) | 29 (22) | 35 (24) |
| Diabetes (%) | 59 (17) | 45 (14) | 87 (19) | 94 (21) | 27 (20) | 28 (18) |
| Renal disease (%) | 13 (4) | 14 (4) | 21 (5) | 19 (4) | 9 (7) | 16 (10) |
| COPD (%) | 30 (9) | 23 (7) | 53 (12) | 47 (10) | 23 (17) | 23 (15) |
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 19 (6) | 15 (5) | 42 (9) | 23 (5) | 8 (6) | 13 (8) |
| Liver disease (%) | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 5 (1) | 2 (0.4) | 3 (2) | 1 (0.6) |
| Frailty score ≥ 4 (%) | 69 (20) | 58 (18) | 104 (23) | 117 (26) | 37 (27) | 46 (29) |
| Peri-arrest characteristics | ||||||
| Cardiac cause of arrest (%) | 308 (89) | 289 (90) | 406 (91) | 395 (87) | 110 (81) | 130 (83) |
| AMI (%) | 160 (47) | 152 (48) | 215 (49) | 207 (46) | 63 (47) | 78 (50) |
| Witnessed arrest (%) | 317 (92) | 293 (92) | 407 (91) | 409 (90) | 126 (93) | 150 (96) |
| Bystander CPR performed (%) | 270 (78) | 267 (83) | 380 (85) | 352 (78) | 109 (80) | 109 (69) |
| Shockable rhythm (%) | 264 (78) | 262 (83) | 327 (75) | 333 (75) | 80 (60) | 105 (70) |
| Minutes to ALS (median [IQR]) | 10 [5, 15] | 9 [6, 13] | 10 [6, 15] | 10 [6, 14] | 10 [5, 16] | 10 [5, 16] |
| Defibrillations (median [IQR]) | 2 [1, 4] | 2 [1, 4] | 2 [1, 4] | 2 [1, 4] | 2 [0, 5] | 2 [1, 5] |
| Adrenaline, mg (median [IQR]) | 1 [0, 2] | 1 [0, 2] | 2 [0, 3] | 2 [0, 3] | 3 [1, 5] | 2 [1, 4] |
| Minutes to ROSC (median [IQR]) | 23 [15, 35] | 22 [15, 34] | 26 [17, 40] | 25 [17, 40] | 34 [20, 53] | 32 [20, 49] |
| Circulatory status on admission (%) | ||||||
| MAP ≥ 70 mmHg | 346 (100) | 320 (100) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| MAP < 70 mmHg | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 96 (21) | 101 (22) | NA | NA |
| Dopamine or dobutamine | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 12 (3) | 20 (4) | NA | NA |
| Adr/noradr ≤ 0.1 µg/kg/min | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 199 (44) | 181 (40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Adr/noradr 0.10–0.25 µg/kg/min | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 141 (32) | 152 (34) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Adr/noradr > 0.25 µg/kg/min | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 136 (100) | 157 (100) |
| Lactate, mmol/l (median [IQR]) | 4.2 [2.3, 6.6] | 4.2 [2.2, 7.1] | 4.9 [2.6, 8.0] | 4.7 [2.4, 8.0] | 7.9 [4.7, 10.5] | 6.8 [3.7, 10.4] |
| pH (median [IQR]) | 7.24 [7.16, 7.30] | 7.24 [7.15, 7.30] | 7.22 [7.11, 7.30] | 7.21 [7.10, 7.28] | 7.11 [6.98, 7.22] | 7.16 [7.02, 7.26] |
Baseline characteristics for the TTM2 intention-to-treat population divided in subgroups of circulatory support on admission and stratified according to intervention
Adr, Adrenaline; ALS, Advanced life support; AMI, Acute myocardial infarction, defined as ST-elevation or new onset left bundle branch block on admission electrocardiogram; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPR, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ROSC, Return of spontaneous circulation; MAP, Mean arterial pressure; Noradr, Noradrenaline; and TTM33, Targeted temperature management at 33 °C