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. 2022 Jul 18;13:926622. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.926622

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Copyright © 2022 Wang, Khan, Wang, Wang, Liu, Chen and Tu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The effect of C91 on autophagy in ST2 cells. (A) 3MA is an autophagy inhibitor. ST2 cells were pre-treated with 3MA (5 mM) for 6 hours, and then induced by C91 for 3 days. MDC staining was performed and autophagy was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Body formation. Red arrows indicate autophagosomes, scale bar = 25 μm. (B) Western blot detection of the expression of autophagy-related protein LC-3I/II. GAPDH was used as an internal control, and the histogram on the right is the quantification of the band on the left. (C) qRT-PCR analysis of the mRNA expression of autophagy-related gene lc3b. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3 per group). * indicates P < 0.05, compared with the DMSO group. ^# indicates P < 0.05, compared with the C91 group.