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. 2022 Jul 18;13:896685. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.896685

Table 2.

Classification and characteristics of clinical trials on cell therapy worldwide.

Items Type CAR n (%) TCR n (%) Stem n (%) Vaccine n (%) Other n (%) Total n (%)
Phase I 78 (69.6) 44 (50.6) 8 (47.1) 49 (26.1) 49 (29.2) 228 (39.9)
I/II 30 (26.8) 28 (32.2) 4 (23.5) 46 (24.5) 34 (20.2) 142 (24.8)
II 3 (2.7) 14 (16.1) 5 (29.4) 76 (40.4) 80 (47.6) 178 (31.1)
III/IV/other 1 (0.9) 1 (1.1) 0 17 (9.0) 5 (3) 24 (4.2)
Trial status Open 71 (63.4) 37 (42.5) 11 (64.7) 38 (20.2) 58 (34.5) 215 (37.6)
Closed 18 (16.1) 26 (29.9) 4 (23.5) 57 (30.3) 54 (32.1) 159 (27.8)
Completed 23 (20.5) 24 (27.6) 2 (11.8) 93 (49.5) 56 (33.3) 198 (34.6)
Totally (n/572*%) 112 (19.6) 87 (15.2) 17 (3.0) 188 (32.8) 168 (29.4) 572 (100)
Primary endpoint Safety 96 (85.7) 66 (75.9) 13 (76.5) 98 (52.1) 87 (51.8) 360 (62.9)
Efficacy 16 (14.3) 21 (24.1) 4 (23.5) 90 (47.9) 81 (48.2) 212 (37.1)
Patient population Biomarker selected 30 (26.8) 36 (41.4) 0 12 (6.4) 18 (10.7) 96 (16.8)
Unselected 82 (73.2) 51 (58.6) 17 (100) 176 (93.6) 150 (89.3) 476 (83.2)
Area China 60 (53.6) 20 (23.0) 2 (11.8) 6 (3.2) 52 (31.0) 140 (24.5)
USA 42 (37.5) 57 (65.5) 9 (52.9) 116 (61.7) 55 (32.7) 279 (48.8)
Europe 6 (5.4) 2 (2.3) 3 (17.6) 39 (20.7) 21 (12.5) 71 (12.4)
Other 4 (3.6) 8 (9.2) 3 (17.6) 27 (14.4) 40 (23.8) 82 (14.3)
Therapy method Neoadjuvant 3 (2.7) 2 (2.3) 0 15 (8.0) 3 (1.8) 23 (4.0)
Adjuvant 6 (5.4) 5 (5.7) 0 42 (22.3) 18 (10.7) 71 (12.4)

NA, not applicable/available.