Fig. 5.

Analysis of DNA damage in HepaRG cells treated with different concentrations of CTD for 24 h. A Fluorescence intensity of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) was captured with a Celldiscoverer 7 microscope after antibody staining with anti-phospho histone H2A.X (S139) and AlexaFluor647. Data were normalized to solvent control (1.7% DMSO). Mean + SD (n = 3 experiments) are provided. B Comet assay data were obtained by staining with SYBRGold, image recording with a Celldiscoverer 7 microscope and data acquisition with Comet Assay IV software. DNA damage was measured as DNA tail intensity (% of DNA in the tail). Mean + SD (n = 5 experiments, except for 0.5 mM CTD n = 2) are given. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni post-hoc test: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, treatment vs. control. Abbreviations: AB1, aflatoxin B1; BaP, benzo[a]pyrene; CTD, clothianidin; Doxo, doxorubicin; Eto, etoposide; MMS, methyl methanesulfonate.