Table 4.

Quality assessment.

Source	Risk of bias								Applicability concerns
	Patient selection			Index test			Reference standard	Flow and timing	Patient selection	Index test	Reference standard
	Was the statistical management adequate?	Were the inclusion/exclusion criteria specified?	Was the type of study (retrospective or prospective) specified?	Were the imaging acquisition protocol and the segmentation method(s) detailed?	Was the image processing approach detailed?	Was the validation independent (i.e., no internal)?	Was the reference standard adequate?	Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?
Chetan et al. (1)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Parmar et al. (2)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Sun et al. (3)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ling et al. (4)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Coudray et al. (5)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Xu et al. (6)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Baldwin et al. (7)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Schroers et al. (8)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Wang et al. (9)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Leleu et al. (10)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ann et al. (11)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Cong et al. (12)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Botta et al. (13)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Botta et al. (13)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Wei et al. (14)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Khorrami et al. (15)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Kirienko et al. (16)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Rossi et al. (17)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear
Chai et al. (18)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes
Wang et al. (19)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear