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. 2022 Jul 18;9:825897. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.825897

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Copyright © 2022 Liang, Xie, Wu, Li, Yang, Gao, Deng, Zhang, Chen, Zhang, Ding and Wu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The targeted regulation mechanisms of probiotics and glucose-lowering drugs on antidiabetic. (1) TZDs can inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue, and decrease hyperglycemia. (2) TZDs and GLP1-RAs can promote blood glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle contributes to reduce blood glucose. (3) GLP1-RA can promote the secretion of insulin from pancreas, meanwhile, GLP1-RA and DPP-4i can inhibit glucagon secretion by pancreas, and contribute to reduce the blood glucose. (4) TZDs, and GLP1-RA can inhibit endogenous hepatic glucose production, and reduce hyperglycemia. (5) GLP-1RA can inhibit DPP-4 enzymatic activity in circulation participates in decrease blood hyperglycemia. (6) SGLT2i (Sodium-Glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors) blocks glucose reabsorption in kidneys, and reduce the blood glucose. (7) GLP1-RA can inhibit appetite by the brain, contribute to decrease blood glucose (8–13).