Table 3.
Disease progression and events 30 days after discharge according to smoking history.
| Total (n = 14.260) |
Non-smoking group (n = 9.916) |
Smoking group (n = 4.344) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICU admission | 1.251 (8.8) | 801 (8.1) | 450 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 999 (7.0) | 650 (6.6) | 349 (8.0) | 0.001 |
| Non-invasive mechanical ventilation | 734 (5.1) | 450 (4.5) | 284 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Immunomodulatory treatment | 5.433 (43.2) | 3.574 (41.0) | 1.859 (48.1) | <0.001 |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 5.117 (36.0) | 3.341 (33.8) | 1.776 (41.0) | <0.001 |
| Tocilizumab | 1.301 (9.1) | 871 (8.8) | 430 (9.9) | 0.032 |
| Antibiotic treatment | 12.721 (89.3) | 8.776 (88.6) | 3.945 (91.0) | <0.001 |
| Complications during admission | 6.620 (46.4) | 4.341 (43.8) | 2.279 (52.5) | <0.001 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | ||||
| No | 9.501 (66.8) | 6.827 (69.0) | 2.674 (61.7) | <0.001 |
| Mild | 1.289 (9.1) | 877 (8.9) | 412 (9.5) | |
| Moderate | 1.106 (7.8) | 718 (7.3) | 388 (9.0) | |
| Severe | 2.336 (16.4) | 1.477 (14.9) | 859 (19.8) | |
| Bacterial pneumonia | 1.558 (10.9) | 986 (9.9) | 572 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis | 871 (6.1) | 550 (5.5) | 321 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| Venous thromboembolism | 335 (2.4) | 211 (2.1) | 124 (2.9) | 0.008 |
| In-hospital mortality | 2.609 (18.3) | 1.631 (16.4) | 978 (22.5) | <0.001 |
| radiological worsening | 4.277 (38.4) | 2.788 (36.5) | 1.489 (42.6) | <0.001 |
| Disease progression | 3.595 (25.2) | 2.285 (23.0) | 1.310 (30.2) | <0.001 |
| Events 30 days after discharge | ||||
| Readmission at 30 days | 526 (4.5) | 332 (4.0) | 194 (5.8) | <0.001 |
| Mortality at 30 days | 158 (1.4) | 106 (1.3) | 52 (1.5) | 0.262 |
Data are expressed as frequencies (percentages).
ICU: intensive care unit. Disease progression (ICU admission, non-invasive/invasive mechanical ventilation and/or in-hospital death).