Table 3.

Path estimates and IEs of trial status through mindfulness skills or executive function on the primary outcomes of risk for depression, social–emotional–behavioural functioning, and well-being

Outcome/mediator	N	A (SE)	P	R2 (a)	B (SE)	P	R2 (b)	c’ (SE)	P	IE	MC 95% CI	CFI	RMSEA
Risk of depression
Mindfulness skills	7865	0.02 (0.01)	0.050	0.001	−0.28 (0.02)	<0.001	0.23	0.06 (0.32)	0.844	−0.01	−0.010 to −0.001	0.971	0.029
Executive function	7683	−0.02 (0.02)	0.388	0.000	0.13 (0.01)	<0.001	0.23	0.25 (0.33)	0.440	−0.003	−0.008 to 0.003	0.994	0.014
Social–emotional–behavioural function
Mindfulness skills	7755	0.03 (0.02)	0.055	0.001	−0.15 (0.01)	<0.001	0.31	0.09 (0.16)	0.555	−0.004	−0.008 to 0.000	0.979	0.030
Executive function	7575	−0.12 (0.03)	<0.001	0.002	0.09 (0.01)	<0.001	0.33	0.19 (0.15)	0.226	−0.01	−0.015 to −0.006	0.997	0.012
Well-being
Mindfulness skills	7835	−0.01 (0.01)	0.380	0.000	0.17 (0.02)	<0.001	0.19	0.16 (0.27)	0.554	−0.002	−0.004 to 0.001	0.965	0.029
Executive function	7654	0.01 (0.02)	0.818	0.000	−0.09 (0.01)	<0.001	0.20	0.05 (0.28)	0.871	0.000	−0.004 to 0.003	0.991	0.015

N is the number of students (number of clusters (schools)=84). R² (a) is the proportion of the variation in the mediator that is accounted for by the independent variable. R² (b) is the proportion of the variation in the dependent variable that is accounted for by the mediator. a is the unstandardised path ‘a’ (see figure 1E); b is the unstandardised path ‘b’ (see figure 1E); c’ is the unstandardised direct effects after controlling for the mediator and covariates (see figure 1E). IE is the unstandardised maximum likelihood robust-based regression coefficient for the mediational models, reflecting the IE (a×b) of group allocation on follow-up scores in the primary outcomes of risk of depression, social–emotional–behavioural functioning, and well-being (controlling for the baseline levels of the primary outcomes, cohort, country, school size, school sex, and adjusted for the clustering of observations) through prechanges to postchanges in the process outcomes of self-reported mindfulness skills or executive function. MC 95% CI is the 95% confidence interval for the IE based on a Monte Carlo simulation of the joint distribution of the corresponding slopes using 20000 random draws from the parameter estimates and their associated asymptotic variances and covariance.

CFI, comparative fit index; IE, indirect effect; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation.