Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of the subjects used in present study
| HC (n = 62) | PPD (n = 45) | PPD-A (n = 31) | F value | HC vs PPD | HC vs PPD-A | PPD vs PPD-A | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 32.42 ± 3.92 | 31.11 ± 3.19 | 31.03 ± 3.83 |
F
2,135 = 2.29 (P = 0.11) |
P = 0.069 | P = 0.11 | P = 0.92 |
| Education (years) | 16.5 ± 1.61 | 16.69 ± 1.92 | 16.52 ± 1.57 |
F
2,135 = 0.18 (P = 0.84) |
P = 0.58 | P = 0.96 | P = 0.68 |
| Postpartum time (days) | 96.27 ± 58.86 | 94.29 ± 56.29 | 100.35 ± 53.16 |
F
2,135 = 0.11 (P = 0.9) |
P = 0.86 | P = 0.75 | P = 0.64 |
| Estradiol (pg/ml) | 81.23 ± 372.8 | 67.2 ± 241.09 | 32.01 ± 19.5 |
F
2,135 = 0.31 (P = 0.74) |
P = 0.83 | P = 0.47 | P = 0.42 |
| Progesterone (ng/ml) | 0.79 ± 1.41 | 0.85 ± 2.75 | 0.92 ± 1.67 |
F
2,135 = 0.04 (P = 0.96) |
P = 0.89 | P = 0.71 | P = 0.9 |
| Prolactin (ng/ml) | 77.66 ± 67.39 | 91.44 ± 70.23 | 65.95 ± 53.37 |
F
2,135 = 1.43 (P = 0.24) |
P = 0.31 | P = 0.4 | P = 0.09 |
| EPDS scores | 7.06 ± 4.14 | 16.2 ± 3.22 | 18.87 ± 5.46 |
F
2,135 = 104.07 (P < 10–27) |
P < 10–21 | P < 10–18 | P = 0.0092 |
| BAI scores | 30.73 ± 7.23 | 37.18 ± 5.94 | 53.71 ± 10.23 |
F
2,135 = 93.83 (P < 10–25) |
P < 10–5 | P < 10–20 | P < 10–12 |
| PSQI | 6.85 ± 3.41 | 9.29 ± 3.46 | 10.71 ± 3.85 |
F
2,135 = 13.94 (P < 10–5) |
P < 0.001 | P < 10–5 | P = 0.097 |
| PSQ: emotion importance | 52.79 ± 10.16 | 54.04 ± 8.36 | 53.68 ± 10.23 |
F
2,135 = 0.24 (P = 0.79) |
P = 0.5 | P = 0.69 | P = 0.86 |
| emotion support | 46.08 ± 11.39 | 38.49 ± 10.83 | 34.42 ± 9.06 |
F
2,135 = 14.02 (P < 10–5) |
P < 10–3 | P < 10–5 | P = 0.09 |
| material importance | 48.81 ± 7.85 | 49.82 ± 7.98 | 47.61 ± 8.59 |
F
2,135 = 0.69 (P = 0.50) |
P = 0.51 | P = 0.50 | P = 0.25 |
| material support | 45.66 ± 8.85 | 40.67 ± 11.1 | 36.84 ± 9.35 |
F
2,135 = 9.35 (P < 10–3) |
P < 0.011 | P < 10–4 | P = 0.12 |
| information importance | 57.73 ± 7.7 | 58 ± 9.58 | 55 ± 10.12 |
F
2,135 = 1.23 (P = 0.29) |
P = 0.87 | P = 0.15 | P = 0.19 |
| information support | 50.39 ± 9.33 | 46.6 ± 10.18 | 42.35 ± 9.7 |
F
2,135 = 7.29 (P < 10–3) |
P < 0.049 | P < 10–3 | P = 0.073 |
| comparison importance | 25.13 ± 4.82 | 24.91 ± 5.84 | 24.32 ± 7.04 |
F
2,135 = 0.21 (P = 0.81) |
P = 0.83 | P = 0.52 | P = 0.69 |
| comparison support | 23.94 ±5.39 | 21.51 ± 6.14 | 20.48 ± 6.08 |
F
2,135 = 4.39 (P < 0.014) |
P < 0.033 | P < 0.0064 | P = 0.47 |
One-way ANOVA was first used to identify differences in demographics and clinical characteristics. Post hoc two-sample t-tests were further used to determine the between-group differences in all the indices. A Pearson chi-squared test was used for gender comparison. Two-sample t-tests were used for age and education comparisons. HC: healthy control.