Table 2.
Association between energy and nutrient intake and adherence to the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top
| Quartile of the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top score | r * | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (n 1996) | Q2 (n 1996) | Q3 (n 1996) | Q4 (n 1996) | ||
| Nutrients | |||||
| Calibrated EI (kJ/d)† | 9582 | 9000 | 8569 | 8335 | –0·23 |
| Uncalibrated EI (kJ/d) | 7628 | 7230 | 7155 | 7105 | –0·05 |
| Protein (% energy/d) | 10·8 | 12·0 | 12·4 | 12·7 | 0·27 |
| Fat (% energy/d) | 19·0 | 23·3 | 25·7 | 28·7 | 0·35 |
| Carbohydrate (% energy/d) | 56·2 | 56·1 | 55·7 | 55·6 | –0·02 |
| SFA (g/4184 kJ/d) | 5·5 | 6·4 | 6·9 | 7·4 | 0·26 |
| MUFA (g/4184 kJ/d) | 8·2 | 9·7 | 10·6 | 12·0 | 0·30 |
| PUFA (g/4184 kJ/d) | 7·0 | 8·3 | 8·8 | 9·8 | 0·27 |
| n-6 PUFA (g/4184 kJ/d) | 6·0 | 7·3 | 7·8 | 8·7 | 0·28 |
| n-3 PUFA (g/4184 kJ/d) | 1·0 | 1·2 | 1·3 | 1·4 | 0·29 |
| Cholesterol (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 108 | 120 | 122 | 125 | 0·12 |
| Vitamin A (µg RE/4184 kJ/d)‡ | 393 | 480 | 517 | 490 | 0·11 |
| Vitamin D (µg/4184 kJ/d) | 2·2 | 2·5 | 2·4 | 2·4 | 0·02 |
| α-tocopherol (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 4·5 | 5·4 | 5·8 | 6·4 | 0·28 |
| Folate (µg/4184 kJ/d) | 143 | 175 | 190 | 217 | 0·34 |
| Vitamin C (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 41 | 52 | 60 | 75 | 0·46 |
| Na (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 898 | 977 | 975 | 979 | 0·08 |
| K (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 979 | 1106 | 1161 | 1229 | 0·29 |
| Fe (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 3·2 | 3·7 | 3·8 | 4·0 | 0·19 |
| Ca (mg/4184 kJ/d) | 225 | 272 | 307 | 331 | 0·31 |
| Total dietary fibre (g/4184 kJ/d) | 5·0 | 5·8 | 6·1 | 6·6 | 0·28 |
| Alcohol (g/4184 kJ/d) | 0·7 | 0·0 | 0·0 | 0·0 | –0·22 |
| Food | |||||
| Grains (g/4184 kJ/d) | 273 | 262 | 254 | 247 | –0·15 |
| Vegetables (g/4184 kJ/d) | 59 | 86 | 99 | 125 | 0·41 |
| Fruits (g/4184 kJ/d) | 13 | 25 | 43 | 70 | 0·56 |
| Dairies (g/4184 kJ/d) | 6 | 42 | 81 | 95 | 0·46 |
| Red meats (g/4184 kJ/d) | 11 | 12 | 11 | 9 | –0·04 |
| White meats (g/4184 kJ/d) | 34 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 0·19 |
| Confectionery (g/4184 kJ/d) | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | –0·13 |
EI, energy intake. Energy intake conversion factor: 1 kJ = 0.239 kcal.
All values are presented as median or correlation coefficient. Nutrient intake was adjusted for energy intake via the nutrient density method by using uncalibrated energy intake. The values are expressed as median in each quartile group. Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 include the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top scores of < 49·3, 49·3–54·8, 54·9–60·1 and ≥ 60·2, respectively.
Spearman’s correlation analysis was used for the relationship between dietary intake and adherence score.
Calibrated EI was calculated using the equation we developed.
Sum of retinol, β-carotene/12, α-carotene/24 and cryptoxanthin/24.