Table 2.
The differences in the CSA and FI % of the paraspinal muscles among the different age strata and gender in the LDD and asymptomatic groups
| LDD (n = 370) | Asymptomatic (n = 327) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18–39 (n = 64) | 40–59 (n = 102) | ≥ 60 (n = 204) | p value | 18–39 (n = 130) | 40–59 (n = 107) | ≥ 60 (n = 90) | p value | ||
| Men | Multifidus CSA (cm2) | 21.33 ± 3.55 | 21.13 ± 3.08 | 19.64 ± 3.75 | 0.015* | 20.31 ± 2.91 | 20.22 ± 2.77 | 18.73 ± 3.34 | 0.019* |
| Erector spinae CSA (cm2) | 37.23 (33.66 ~ 40.59) | 35.51 (29.89 ~ 39.78) | 30.11 (25.7 ~ 35.02) | < 0.001* | 34.06(29.76 ~ 37.28) | 33.46(28.96 ~ 38.6) | 28.59(25.77 ~ 35.92) | 0.012* | |
| Psoas CSA (cm2) | 36.63 ± 6.48 | 31.57 ± 5.48 | 25.46 ± 5.62 | < 0.001* | 33.39(30.34 ~ 39.4) | 30.64(26.45 ~ 36.65) | 26.04(23.54 ~ 30.05) | < 0.001* | |
| Multifidus FI% | 19.11 (15.99 ~ 22.24) | 21.63 (16.65 ~ 28.44) | 31.74 (27.39 ~ 36.19) | < 0.001* | 13.85(12.25 ~ 17.07) | 17.76(13.16 ~ 21.26) | 26.68(23.78 ~ 33.83) | < 0.001* | |
| Erector spinae FI% | 13.69 (11.57 ~ 16.1) | 16.69 (12.05 ~ 22.75) | 23.09 (18.27 ~ 28.95) | < 0.001* | 10.07(7.57 ~ 12.66) | 12.58(10.81 ~ 15.88) | 19.96(16.43 ~ 23.61) | < 0.001* | |
| Women | Multifidus CSA (cm2) | 17.53 ± 3.20 | 17.05 ± 2.91 | 15.98 ± 2.76 | 0.009* | 16.78 ± 2.76 | 16.93 ± 2.92 | 16.77 ± 2.80 | 0.944 |
| Erector spinae CSA (cm2) | 24.74 (23.15 ~ 29.87) | 27.00 (22.36 ~ 31.55) | 25.71 (22.36 ~ 29.57) | 0.162 | 23.77 (20.9 ~ 28.04) | 24.60 (22.89 ~ 27.65) | 25.59 (21.13 ~ 28.85) | 0.313 | |
| Psoas CSA (cm2) | 20.16 (17.32 ~ 22.85) | 19.98 (16.85 ~ 21.69) | 16.53 (14.04 ~ 18.65) | < 0.001* | 19.88 (17.46 ~ 22.79) | 18.35 (16.49 ~ 20.57) | 16.04 (13.81 ~ 19.11) | < 0.001* | |
| Multifidus FI% | 25.35 (23.1 ~ 29.76) | 28.98 (23.26 ~ 34.58) | 36.66 (32.02 ~ 41.66) | < 0.001* | 18.07(16.09 ~ 20.97) | 22.68(19.84 ~ 26.93) | 31.59(29.01 ~ 35.55) | < 0.001* | |
| Erector spinae FI% | 15.8 (12.44 ~ 19.27) | 21.25 (16.94 ~ 26.66) | 28.97 (23.22 ~ 33.06) | < 0.001* | 11.8(9.62 ~ 14.02) | 15.46(13.27 ~ 19.14) | 23.72(19.27 ~ 28.94) | < 0.001* | |
LDD Lumbar degenerative diseases, CSA Cross sectional area, FI% Fatty infiltration rate
*Statistical significance at the level of 0.05